XVII. Do you often quarrel with your friends? Do you usually get what you want in an argument? Do you ever try to find a compromise?

Read the psychological article “How to stop an argument” for your everyday use:

What is the best way to stop an argument? A solution that pleases both people. A solution where both people get what they want, or get most of what they want. This type of solution is called a “win-win” solution because both people feel pleased, so they both win. For a win-win solution, both people must listen to and understand each other’s ideas. They must also work out the problem fairly and find a compromise. This is the best way to stop an argument. But sometimes people can’t listen to each other, and just argue to get only what they want. When that happens, the solution can be:

• win-lose – one person gets what he/she wants but the other doesn’t.
• lose-win – the first person doesn’t get what what he/she wants but the other does.
• lose-lose – neither person gets what he/she wants.

Sometimes a helper (or “mediator”) helps people to work out a solution. Each person tells his/her story. The mediator asks questions to understand the problem behind the conflict and helps them to find the best solution to please both parties.

XVIII. Look through the word combinations and guess what topic the next task will concern:

ñ hot issues — злободневные вопросы

ñ heated arguments — горячие споры

ñ to share sb’s opinion with the audience — делиться своим мнением с

аудиторией

ñ used to make terrible friends — бывало заводил плохих друзей

ñ had a bad influence on both of them — плохо влияли на них обоих

ñ passed this «phase» - прошел эту стадию

ñ even though — хотя

ñ I still believe — я все же думаю

ñ to pick (choose) — выбирать

ñ in extreme circumstances — в чрезвычайных ситуациях

ñ otherwise — иначе

ñ to develop the skill of making good relationships — развивать навыки при-

обретения хороших отношений

ñ to feel akward — чувствовать неловкость

ñ I’m not allowed to hang about with them anymore — мне не разрешается

больше встречаться с ними

ñ I'd be so embarrassed — мне было бы так неловко

ñ to interfere with — вмешиваться в

ñ needs to be addressed very carefully — нужно очень осторожно подходить

ñ to rely on — положиться на

ñ to seek comfort and support — находить комфорт и поддержку

ñ may not last very long — могут длиться недолго

ñ different expectations — разные взгляды

ñ now and again — снова и снова

ñ not to have it forced upon them — не испытывать навязывание силой

ñ to sit the kid down — усадить ребенка

ñ to hear what they have to say — слышать, что они хотят сказать

ñ I try to explain my position — стараюсь объяснить свое мнение

ñ but on the other hand — но с другой стороны

ñ after all — в конце концов

ñ we have more experience — у нас больше опыта

ñ if it means making a better choice for them — если это будет лучше для

них

XIX. Listen (026) to the Browns’ family taking part in the talk show «Family Hour». They are discussing the problem of whether parents should choose their children’s friends. Say who from the Browns is the first (second, third, fourth) to share his / her opinion with the audience.

XX. Listen to the talk show once more and say which one of the speakers thinks that:

a) teenagers and parents should talk about choosing their friends and come to a compromise

b) teenagers should choose their friends themselves because it is the only way to learn how to do it properly

c) parents know better how to choose their teenagers’ friends

d) parents have no right to recommend friends for their children

e) parents can hardly choose a good friend for their children

XXI. Read the talk show in roles and write down the arguments for / against parents choosing friends for their teenagers:

Family Hour

Host: Hello, everybody! Family Hour invites you to discuss one of the hot issues in many families: Should parents choose friends for their children? This problem can lead to heated arguments … We have invited the Browns who have agreed to share their opinions with our audience … Welcome our guests Mr. and Mrs. Brown and their children Jessica and Mark … Well, I think we’ll start with the teenagers. They have a lot to say …

Jessica …?

1. Yes, I have thought a lot about this problem. I really had to … my brothers used to make terrible friends. They always had a very bad influence on both of them. I think that one of my brothers has passed this “phase”, but my youngest brother still has one friend who I think is still a bad influence.

Even though I’m worried about my brothers, I still believe that my parents should only pick their friends in extreme circumstances, otherwise my brothers will never develop the skill of making good relationships. My older brother has learnt that his friends weren’t really friends at all but as the saying goes, we all learn by our mistakes.

Host: Thank you Jessica. Let’s listen to your younger brother now. Mark …

2. Well, I don’t think parents should ever choose your friends because they might pick people who you don’t like. Your parents could embarrass you and make your friends feel awkward. If I’m standing in the street with my friends and my mum and dad come up to tell me that I’m not allowed to hang about with them anymore, I’d be so embarrassed.

I think it would be very foolish for a mother or father to interfere in your relationship with someone. They don’t understand anything about us and what we like, so chances are they’ll choose the wrong friend.

Host: I see one of the parents wants to say something. Mr. Brown, do you share your children’s opinion?

3. This problem needs to be addressed very carefully. Friendships are a very important part of life. I want my children to have friends they can rely on, and seek comfort and support from. But if parents choose friends for their children, then these friendships may not last very long for this simple reason: we are from a different generation that has different expectations.

I think the best way would be for children to talk to their parents and ask them for advice now and again, but not have it forced upon them. I understand that if a kid gets into bad company, most parents just want to say, “No, you can’t see them any more “. But I think it’s probably more effective to sit the kid down and tell them what you dislike about that particular friend and hear what they have to say.

Host: So really you see a compromise as the best solution. And what about you, Mrs. Brown?

4. You know, I am not a parent who interferes with every aspect of my children’s lives. I try not to say, “No, those trousers are too big” or “No, you’re not going there “. If I do say something, I always try to explain my position. But on the other hand, I do think parents have a right to say “No, I don’t like that person, don’t see them any more”. After all, we’re parents and we have more experience in relationships than they do. I think parents should have the right to choose friends for their children if it means making a better choice for them.

Host: Thank you, and now I’d like to invite our audience to share their opinions …

XXII. Answer the questions:

1. Do you think children should take their parents’ advice?

2. Do your parents choose your friends for you?

3. Do you like when your parents choose you friends?

4. Do you have rows because of it?

5. How do you come to a compromise?

6. Do you try to follow your parents’ advice concerning your friends?

7. Whose opinion (from the talk show) do you share? Why?

XXIII. Revise the indefinite pronouns (неопределенные местоимения)- some, any, no, every:

Неопределенные местоимения употребляются в английском языке в качестве определений к существительным вместо артикля.

Some употребляется в утвердительных предложениях и имеет значение несколько, немного, некоторый, какой-нибудь – He gave me some advice. – а также в просьбах – Can you give me some advice?

Anyупотребляется в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях – Did he give you any advice? – No, he didn’t give me any advice. – а также в утвердительных предложениях в значении любой – Please, give me any advice.

Неопределенные местоимения образуют производные, вторым компонентом которых служат – body, one, thing, where.

XXIV. Complete the sentences with the pronouns - something, anything, nothing; somebody, anybody; somewhere, anywhere:

1. I’m going out now. If … phones me, tell I’ll be back soon.

2. Sue is a good friend. She can keep secrets and won’t say … .

3. They stay at home all the time. They don’t go … .

4. Did you invite … from your new friends to your birthday party?

5. - Where shall we go on holiday?

- Let’s go … warm and sunny.

6. She said … but I didn’t understand.

7. I didn’t eat … because I wasn’t hungry.

8. There’s … to do in this club.

9. … has a mobile nowadays.

10. Will you go … this winter holiday?

11. I’m sorry for him: … wants to be his friend.

12. I’m sure he didn’t betray …

XXV. Read the dialogues and dramatise them:

1. Mum: Mike, I don’t like anybodyof your new friends. You had two good friends from your last school. Why don’t you see them anymore?

Mike: Mum, how can you say so? You saw nobody of my new friends! I must have somebody to communicate, mustn’t I?

2. - Would you like something to drink?

- Yes, I’d like some orange juice.

- Here it is. Anythingelse?

- No, thank you very much.

- Nothing.

3. - Sonny, can you tell me anything about Nick? Where does he live?

- Oh, Dad, he lives somewhere at the metro station. Nobodyknows the place exactly. He is a newcomer. He is so sporty. He goes everywhere by his bike.

- Does he?

4. - Can I give you some advice, Ann?

- Sure, mum. Anythingabout my friend Jill?

- I’m really worried about the bad influence Jill has on you … I wish you tell me everything somewhen.

- Oh, there’s nothing to worry about, mummy. You always think I’m getting into a bad company. I’ll invite Jill to our place someday.

-O’key, then.

XXVI. Translate the negative sentences into English using 2 variants:

Model:Я никого не видел. – I didn’t see anybody. I saw nobody.

1. Он ничего мне не сказал.

2. Мы никуда не ходим.

3. Я ни о чем не беспокоюсь.

4. Они ничего не ели.

5. Он никого не поддержит.

6. Майкл никого не пригласил.

7. Там никого нет.

8. Там ничего нет.

9. Я никого здесь не знаю.

10. Завтра мы никуда не пойдем.

XXVII. Make a group of four. Do the role-play:

A. First, read the instructions how to do a role-play:

1. Prepare yourself thoroughly. Read your role card attentively and make sure you understand what is required from you. You may need some time to get into your role.

2. Think over the ideas you need to put forward in order to play your role and the arguments you need to have to support your ideas. Collect your ideas and make notes.

3. Think through the language you will need to play your role. Look through the unit or lesson to revise the vocabulary and grammar you might need, and ask your teacher for the words you can’t find in the textbook. You can choose to prepare your role- play with your classmates holding the same role card.

4. Do the rehearsing. Think of your performance during your rehearsal and find the way to improve it.

5. Think about how you can make your role-play more like real life. Rearrange the furniture, or bring some props for your role-play. You may draw or even write the names of the objects you need on the cards.

6. Use your imagination! It might be difficult to identify yourself with somebody who is much older than you or who comes from another country, but that makes the role-play challenging and interesting.

7. Relax while playing your role and have fun!

B. Choose a role and prepare to take part in a family conversation:

Situation: Mark (15) has got a new friend John who is 3 years older. He has finished college and is not working or studying, so he’s got a lot of free time. Mark, however, has to go to college. Mark’s parents think John is not the kind of person their son should be spending time with.

Jessica

You are a 19-year-old girl. Your brother has a lot of friends. You do not like some of them but this doesn’t bother you since they are not your friends and you believe your brother has a right to choose. You support your younger brother Mark when he has arguments with your parents, especially your mother.

Mark

You are the youngest child in the family and so sometimes the other members of your family think they can decide what you should do, whom you should make friends with, etc. From time to time you have arguments with your parents, especially with your mother, but you always try to defend your independence.

Father

You are a father of 2 children. The youngest, Mark, has a lot of friends you don’t like much. You think he should have a right to choose but that he should also listen to your advice and discuss any problems with you.

Mother

You are a mother of 2 children. The youngest, Mark, has a lot of friends you don’t like at all. You especially don’t like his new friend John and you insist that Mark should not spend time with him.

Conflict resolution steps:

1. Decide what the problem is.

2. Let everyone suggest an idea about how to solve the problem.

3. Together discuss what will happen with each idea.

4. Choose the best idea.

5. Put the idea into action.

Useful language:In my opinion …

I think …

To my mind …

What do you think about?

It’s a good idea to …

Do you mean that …

I feel strongly against …

I am absolutely positive that …

XXVIII. Remember the Simple and Continuous Tenses (present, past, future). Find and correct the errors in the following sentences:

1. I think about my friend.

2. I am thinking he will support me.

3. Our relations get closer.

4. Last winter it will snow heavily.

5. Why do you look at me like that?

6. He is usually looking at me like that.

7. Every morning I am going for a walk.

8. She don’t care what he said.

9. Did they quarrel when you came in?

10. A single child need more strict breeding.

11. In some years I graduate from the college.

12. How long is it taking you to get to college?

13. Look! She wears the same shoes as me.

14. What did you do at 10 o’clock yesterday?

15. He speak English fluently.

16. Tomorrow at 17.00 we’ll celebrate our mum’s birthday.

17. David can plays tennis very well.

18. He is so nervous. Don’t embarrassed him!

19. When we were friends he once betrays me.

20. Why are you usually avoiding conflicts?

XXIX. Write a composition about your best friend. These questions can help you:

1. When did you make friends? How did it happen?

2. Why do you think he/she is your best friend?

3. Can he/she be called a real friend? Why?

4. Do you differ from each other in appearance (character, interests, opinions etc.)?

5. Describe him/her.

6. What differs you from each other?

7. Have you anything in common? What?

8. How do you usually spend your free time together?

9. Have you ever had difficult situations that were solved together with your friend?

10. Tell a story about you and your friend.

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