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Ти форм глагола - сказуемого
| Infinitive
| Past Simple
| Past Participle
| Present Participle
| | форма to -
делать
| форма – ed 1 делал
|
форма – ed 2 сделанный –тый -мый
|
форма – ing
делающий
делая
| | Правильные глаголы
| | to ask спрашивать
to repair ремонтировать
| asked спрашивал
repaired ремонтировал
| asked спрошенный
repaired ремонтируемый
| asking спрашивающий
repairing ремонтирующий
| | Неправильные глаголы
| | to be to have to do
| was, were had did
| been had done
| being having doing
| | Present PastFuture
she I
he has shall have
it we
I, we had she, he, it
you have will have
they you, they
they
|
Simple Present
I,we,repair
they, you  build do
she
he repairs does
it builds
| | Simple Future
shall/should repair
will / would build
|
| Present
| Past
| Future
| | she we
I amhe is you are
it they
| I we
she, he was you were
it they
| I shall be she, he
we it, you will be
they
|
.
-
Таблица времен
| | | Active
| Passive
| | Simple
| PPresent
PPast
FFuture
| ask do
she, he, it asks does
asked did
I,we shall ask_
will
| I am
she,he,it is
we,yuo,they are
I, she, he, it was
were
shall be
will
| | Progresve
| Present
Past
Future
| I am
she, he,it is
we, you, they are
I, she,he, it was
we, you, they were
I, we shall be
will
| I am
she,he,it is
we,you,they are
I,she,he,it was
we,you,they were
нет
| | Perfect
| Present
Past
Future
| I,we, you, they have
she, he,it has
had
I, we shall have
she,he will
You, they
| I,we, you, they have
she, he,it has
had
I, we shall have
she,he, it will
you, they
| | Perfect Progressive
| Present
Past
Future
| I,we, you, they have
she, he,it has
had
I, we shall have
will
| | | | | | | | |
Решетка Времен
Активный залог
| | Simple
| Progressive
be + -ing
| Perfect
have + -ed
| Perfect Progressive
have been + -ing
| | Present
| I
we ask_(do)
you take
they спрашиваю
s/he asks (does)
it takes
| I am
s/he,it is asking
we,you taking
they are
спрашиваю
| I,we,you
they have asked
s/he, it has taken
спросил
| I,we,you
they have asking
been
s/he,it has taking
спрашиваю
| | Past
|
asked (did)
took
спрашивал
| I, s/he,it was
asking
we,you, taking
they were
спрашивал
|
asked
had
taken
спросил
|
asking
had been
taking
спрашивал
| | Future
| I,we shall ask
s/he,it, will take
you,they
буду спрашивать
| I,we shall asking
be taking
s/he,it, will
you,they
буду спрашивать
| I,we shallasked
have
s/he,it, taken
you,they will
спрошу
| I,we shall asking
have been
s/he,it, taking
you,they will
буду спрашивать
| | Future in the Past
| I,we should
ask
take
s/he,it, would
you,they
буду спрашивать
| I,we should
asking
be
s/he,it, taking
you,they would
буду спрашивать
| I,we shouldasked
have
s/he,it, taken
you,they would
спрошу
| I,we should asking
have been
S/he,it, taking
you,they would
буду спрашивать
|
Решетка Времен
Пассивный залог be + -ed
| | Simple
be + -ed
| Progressive
be being + -ed
| Perfect
have been + -ed
| Perfect Progressive
| | Present
| I am asked
She,he,it is taken
we,you,they are
меня спрашивают
| I amasked
She,he,it is being
we,you,they are taken
меня спрашивают
| I,we,you,they have asked
been
she,he,it has taken
меня спросили
| | | Past
| I,she,he,it was
asked
we,you,they. were taken
меня спрашивали
| I,she,he,it wasasked
being
were taken
меня спрашивали
| asked
had been
taken
меня спросили
|
| | Future
| I,we shall asked
be
she,he,you,they will taken
меня будут спрашивать
|
| I,we shall asked
have been
will taken
спросят
|
| | Future in the Past
|
I,we shouldasked
be
she,it,you,they wouldtaken
меня будут спрашивать
|
|
I,we should asked
have been
would taken
меня спросят
|
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Сопоставление английских форм глагола – сказуемоего с их русскими эквивалентами
Кто делает что.
( с глаголом- сказуемым в активе )
Я ремонтирую двигатели обычно repair, repairs
PAST repaired вчера и т.п. ремонтирую в момент речи am/ is/ are PRESENT
was/ were repairing в определенный момент ремонтировал repairing
в прошлом
had been repairing начавшееся и продолжающееся в течение ... have/ has been
до другого действия в прошлом с ... repairing
отремонтировал к моменту речи have/ has repaired
FUTURE shall/ will repair завтра и т.п. к моменту had repaired PAST
shall/ will be repairing в определенный момент буду ремонтировать в прошлом
в будущем
shall/ will have been repairing начнется и будет
продолжаться в
момент другого отремонтирую к моменту shall/ will have FUTURE
будущего действия в будущем repaired
Что делается
( с глаголом- сказуемым в пассиве )
Двигатели ремонтируют
PRESENT am/ is/ are being repaired в момент речи ремонтируют обычно am/ is/ are repaired PRESENT
PAST was/ were being repaired в определенный момент ремонтировали вчера и т.п. was/ were repaired PAST
в прошлом
FUTURE shall/ will have been repaired к определенному моменту будут ремонти- завтра и т.п. shall/ will be FUTURE
в будущем ровать repaired
отремонтируют
Рассмотрите эту таблицу вместе с таблицей употребления времен. Обратите внимание на ключевые слова, указывающие на ситуацию, в которой употребляется та или иная форма глагола-сказуемого
Употребление времен
|
|
Fenses
|
Used for something which...
|
Pattern
|
Key Words
|
Examples
| | Present
| simple
| happens every day
and for facts
| o / - (e)s
do does
| always seldom every day
usually rarely every week
often hardly ever
sometimes never every year
| I study_ every day.
The sun rises in the east and
sets in the west.
| | Progressive
| is happening at this time
| am
is be+-ing
are
| now at present
right now this year
at the moment this week
today these days
| I am studying now.
It is raining at the moment and we are waiting for the bus.
| | Perfect
| has happened and the results or effect are still with us
| has +-ed
have
| yet ever recently
just never lately already
since
| I have just finished my work. We have lived in New York since February. He hasn’t smoked since that time. She has worked here for several years.
| | Perfect
Progressive
| has been happening, started in the past and is still going on.
| has
been+-ing
have
| for so far up to now
since lately all day all week
| She has been studying for two hours.
I have been working a lot lately.
| | Past
| Simple
| happened at a time mentioned in the past.
| -ed
did
| yesterday in 1999
last week
two years ago
| I studied yesterday.
He finished his work at 9:00 last night.
| | Progressive
| started at a certain time in the past, was in progress a definite time in the past and is over now
| was
be+ -ing
were
| at 7 o’ clock while
then when
at that time
between 7 and 9 o’clock last night
| I was studying while my brother was watching TV.
We were studying yesterday when you called
| | Perfect
| had happened before something else happened in the past
| had+ -ed
| when by the time
before after
| I had finished my work when you called.
| | Perfect
Progressive
| has been happening before something else happened
| had been + ing
| for when
before after
| I had been studying for two hours when you called.
| | Future
| Simple
| will happen
in the future
| shall
+ verb
will
| tonight in ... hours soon
tomorrow in ... days next week
the day after tomorrow in future
| I will study tomorrow.
| | Progressive
| will be happening at a time
mentioned in the future
| shall
be + ing
will
|
| He will be playing tennis this time tomorrow.
| | Perfect
| is going to happen in future
| shall
have +ed
will
| by (a future time)
| I will have finished work by 6 o’clock tonight.
| | With going to
| is going to happen in the future
| am
is going to
are
| tonight next month
tomorrow
soon
| We are going to study tonight.
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Неличные формы глагола The Non-Finite forms of the verb
Неличные формы глагола (несказуемое) - инфинитив (форма to-), причастиеII (форма - ed 2), причастие I/герундий (форма - ing ). Они могут быть в активе или пассиве и в зависимости от ситуации употребляются в разных временных формах: простой, длительной, совершенной, совершенной длительной и выполняют различные синтаксические функции: подлежащего, определения, дополнения, обстоятельстваили части глагола-сказуемого.
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