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Practice to develop communication skills
1. Составьте как можно больше предложений, используя следующие слова: a. My sister works at Chemist`s department Prescriptions drug store Pharmacy chemist`s works as pharmacist chemist druggist
b. A pharmacist prepares the use of medicines A druggist explains the dose to be taken A chemist sticks the labels A Pharmaceutist keeps the prescribed drugs applies mustard plasters must not confuse different drugs drugs in drug cabinets
c. A person comes to buy sedatives, tonics, laxatives to the chemist’s to order cod liver oil to have sleeping draughts to hand in anticoagulants to receive glucose syringes iodine alcohol needles probes and other things for medical care a medicine made up to prescription
Ointments prepared the prescription department Iodine indicated right away Alcohol ordered a bottle Drug administered orally, per os. Ammonium chloride overdosed the patient Temperature is kept by the chemist`s Children prescribed at the doctor Medicines are bought in the nurse Remedies taken on a label Drugs may be a prescription Dose may produce to sponge the skin Drug effects may cause vitamins Recovery to relieve irritation of the skin strong, weak, mild poisonous, toxic untoward, unwanted effects 2. Выскажите согласие или несогласие, используя следующие фразы: Yes, certainly Yes, of course Yes, surely Yes, you are right I think that you are entirely right I fully agree with you (the fact that) I agree that… I agree with most of what you say, apart from the question… I agree that it is possible but… I object to… No, you are not right No, you are wrong No, I can’t agree with that
1. The chemist wrote out a prescription for your friend. 2. The drugs are kept in drug cabinets. 3. The nurse rubbed in a healing ointment into the patient’s back to relieve his pain. 4. The patient explained to the chemist how to use the drug. 5. The overdosage of strong effective drugs does not produce unfavourable reactions. 6. The overdosage of poisonous drugs is safe. 7. The patients themselves stick labels on bottles or boxes of drugs. 8. The pharmacist has made the drug to the doctor’s prescription. 9. When a man is ill he goes to his local chemist. 10. Cod liver oil is often prescribed for children. 11. Vitamins are used to restore the body immunity. At the Pharmacy.
3. Изучите диалог и назовите лекарства, которые хочет купить Каролина. Caroline: Can I have the medication on my prescription? Chemist: Yes, certainly. But remember! It is a powerful medicine. Follow the doctor’s prescription strictly. Take it after meals. Caroline: Can I also have some cough mixture and nasal drops? Chemist: Yes, we’ve got a good cough mixture and effective nasal drops. Caroline: How should I take the mixture? Chemist: Take one tablespoonful 3 times a day after meals. Caroline: And the nasal drops? Chemist: Use 2-3 drops 3-4 times a day. Besides, you may have a mouthwash if your throat is sore. Caroline: Oh, yes. I need it badly. How should I use it? Chemist: Gargle every two hours and you’ll feel relief in a couple of days. Caroline: Thank you very much!
4. Найдите в диалоге "At the Pharmacy” английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний. Составьте с английскими словами и словосочетаниями предложения по содержанию диалога и о себе.
- лекарство в рецепте; - одна столовая ложка; - сильнодействующий; - полоскание; - строго соблюдать предписания врача; - полощите ваше горло каждые два часа; - после еды; - почувствовать облегчение; - микстура от кашля; - через пару дней. - эффективные капли в нос; - принимать микстуру;
5. Просмотрите диалог “At the Pharmacy” и скажите на английском языке, как Каролина должна применять лекарства.
6. Обратите внимание, как Каролина просит продать ей лекарства: Can I have the medication on my prescription? Can I also have some cough mixture and nasal drops?
Составьте аналогичные вопросы, используя следующие слова и словосочетания:
a medicine for a headache, -лекарство от головной боли, для желудка, от the stomach, a cough, etc. - кашля и т.д. a cardiac medicine- сердечное средство a sedative - успокаивающее средство a tranquilizer -транквилизатор some vitamins - витамины a laxative - слабительное a dropper -пипетка a hot water bottle- грелка iodine -йод a mouthwash -полоскание nasal drops -капли для носа an anti-inflammatory -противовоспалительная ointment -мазь a thermometer -термометр
7. Просмотрите список слов из предыдущего упражнения и скажите, что обязательно должно быть в домашней аптечке. 8. Обратите внимание, как Каролина спрашивает о применении лекарственных препаратов: How should I take (use)…? Работа в парах.
Спросите, как вам принимать лекарства, указанные в списке в упр.4. Ваш собеседник должен дать рекомендации, используя следующие словосочетания:
- 2 (3) times a day; - every hour (2, 3, 4 hours); - before meals; - after meals; - at bedtime;
9. Составьте диалог между пациентом и аптекарем по образцу диалога “At the Pharmacy”. 10. Изучите текст “At the Chemist’s”. Дайте ответ на следующий вопрос: What can one buy at the chemist’s beside drugs and things for patient’s care? At the Chemist`s. The doctor gave me a prescription to take to the Chemist’s. He prescribed aspirin, in case I got a headache. He also gave me a nerve tonic, as he said I was still suffering from shock. I didn’t have to pay him because medical treatment is free in England. Everyone pays so much per week Health Insurance (so it’s not really free after all). Foreigners who are visiting England have the same benefits as the natives, so for them it’s really free. At the Chemist’s I handed in the prescription and paid for each item on the prescription. This charge which was really resented, was introduced during the Labour Government’s term of office. They said the Health Service could no longer afford to give medicine free. Whilst I was in the chemist’s, I thought I`d buy some other thing I needed. I ordered some talcum powder, two bars of soap, a tube of brushless shaving cream, a small bottle of olive oil, a toothbrush and a toothpaste, and a packet of razor blades. The goods were wrapped up by the chemist. At the English drug store. 1. Изучите комментарии к тексту, прочтите текст и переведите его на русский язык.
One day I was playing cricket in the field and was catching the ball, right on the nose. The strike was so heavy that I was given a bloody nose and was in shock. I was given the first medical aid but in a short while I went to the doctor. He gave me a prescription to take to the chemist’s. I had a headache and was suffering from shock so he gave me a nerve tonic and aspirin. I entered the chemist’s shop and came to the prescription department. I: How do you do? Chemist: How do you do. May I please have your prescription…You have two items so you must pay four shillings, two shillings for each item. I: Why is not the chemist’s service free in England? Chemist: When it was free, doctors were wasteful. They prescribed medicines that people didn’t need. Here’s your medicine. Take it three times a day according to the doctor’s advice. I: Thank you but I would like to buy a couple of other things. May I have two bars of soap, a tube of brushless shaving cream and a packet of razor-blades.
I: Thank you. Goodbye. Chemist: You are welcome sir. Have a nice day.
Комментарии к тексту to play cricket - играть в крикет wasteful - расточительный to catch a ball on the nose - получить удар в нос item - пункт to be given a bloody nose - получить кровотечение из носа you are welcome - пожалуйста
7. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы.
3. Расскажите на английском языке о:
- an accident in a cricket field; - at the chemist’s.
Texts for reading and translation Effects of drugs. 1. Переведите следующие термины, используя словарь. Additive – drug action in which the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each. Anaphylaxis – hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism. Symptoms may include hives, asthma, rhinitis and so forth. Antidote – an agent that is given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug. Brand name (trade name) – commercial name for a drug, normally the property of the drug manufacturer. Chemical name – chemical formula for a drug. Chemotherapy – treatment of illness using chemicals: usually refers to the treatment for infectious disease, cancer disease or mental illness. Contraindications – factors in the patient’s condition which prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment. Cumulation – drug action resulting from the administration of small repeated doses of a drug that are not eliminated from the body quickly. Drugs – chemical substances used as medicines in the treatment of disease. Drug toxicity – harmful and dangerous complications which may arise from the use of drugs are blood dyscrasia, such as aplastic anemia. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - governmental agency having the legal responsibility for enforcing proper drug manufacture and the clinical use. Generic name – the legal, noncommercial name for a drug. Hospital Formulary – reference listing of drugs and their appropriate clinical usage found in most hospitals and libraries; published by the American Society of Hospital Pharmacies. Idiosyncrasy – a rare type of toxic effect produced in a peculiarly sensitive individual but not seen in most patients. Molecular pharmacology – study of the interaction of drugs or cells or sub-cellular entities such as DNA, RNA or enzymes. National Formulary (N.F.) – large up-to-date list of drugs and official standards for their manufacture; issued by the American Pharmaceutical Association. Parenteral Administration – administration of drugs by injection into the skin, muscle or veins (places other than the digestive tract). Pharmacodynamics – study of how drugs achieve their effects in living organisms, including their absorption, metabolism and excretion from the living system. Pharmacology – the study of drugs, their nature, origin and effect on the living organism. Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) – reference book listing drug products; published privately. Potentiation– a type of drug action in which the combined effect of using two drugs together is greater than the sum of the effects of using each one alone; also called synergism. Side effect – a toxic (harmful) effect which routinely results from the use of a drug. Suppositories – cone-shaped objects containing medication which are inserted into the rectum, vagina or urethra, from which the medication is absorbed into the bloodstream. Synergism – type of drug action in which the effect of two drugs acting together is greater than the sum of each acting alone; Potentiation. Tolerance – condition of becoming resistant to the action of a drug so that larger and larger doses must be given to maintain the desired effect. Toxicology– study of harmful substances and their effect on living organisms. United States Pharmacopeia (USP)– an authoritative list of drugs, formulas and preparations which sets a standard for drug manufacturing and dispensing. Intramuscular Injection (I.M.) –This injection is given into the muscle, usually into the buttocks. When drugs are irritating the skin or when a large volume of long-acting drug is to be given, I.M. injections are advisable. Intravenous Injection (I.V.) –This injection is given directly into the veins. It is given when an immediate effect from the drug is desired or when the drug cannot be given into the tissue. Good technical skill is needed in administering this injection, since leakage of drugs into surrounding tissues may result in damage of tissues. Intrathecal injection – This injection is made into the sheath of membranes (meninges) which surround the spinal cord and brain. The effects of the drug so administered are usually limited to the central nervous system and intrathecal injections are often used to produce anesthesia. Intracavitary Injection –This injection is made into the body cavity, as, for example, into the peritoneal or pleural cavity. Inhalation - In this method of administration, vapours or gases are taken into the nose or mouth and are absorbed into the bloodstream through the thin walls of the air sacs in the lungs. Aerosols (particles of the drug suspended in air) are administered by inhalation. Idiosyncrasy. In some instances, a patient may display unexpected effects following the administration of a drug. Idiosyncratic reactions are produced in very few patients taking a drug, but may be life-threatening in those few instances. For example, in some individuals penicillin is known to cause an idiosyncratic reaction such as anaphylaxis (acute type of hypersensitivity, including asthma and shock). Topical application –This is the local external application of drugs on the skin or mucous membranes of the mouth or other surface. It is commonly used to accelerate the healing of abrasions for antiseptic treatment of a wound, and as an antipruritic (against itching). Topical application may also include administration of drugs into the eyes, ears, nose and vagina. Lotions are used most often when the skin is moist or “weeping” and ointments and creams are used when the lesions are dry.
2. Переведите текст, используя словарь. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы:
1. Why do people take drugs for no medical reason? 2. Is drug abuse dangerous?
So what can go wrong? Sadly, an increasing number of people, especially young adults, use medicines, drugs and other preparations for different purposes. This has led to drug abuse which is a growing problem in our society. Even in sport some men and women are taking drugs to improve their performance. Many sports authorities now have to carry out routine tests on blood and urine samples of sports people to make sure that they are not taking unnecessary drugs. The medicines are sometimes available on prescription from doctors but only for sound medical reasons. It is illegal to obtain them without prescription. Taking products like these regularly without a doctor's guidance and in large quantities can cause addictionand may even lead to early death.
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