Land Use Planning Activity

The basic directions of land use planning in Russia include:

¾ development of federal and regional forecasts, programs of use and protection of land resources, a scheme of land use planning in view of town – planning, ecological, economic and other features of the territory;

¾ survey with establishment (restoration) on land the borders of administrative – territorial formations, the borders of land sites owners under general state system and their technical registration;

¾ drawing up new land use planning projects, existing landed properties and land uses ordering with elimination of inconveniences in the arrangement of land;

¾ delimitation of the land areas, establishment of borders and allotment of land sites on district, registration of plans (drawings) of borders, preparation for the certificate of rights to the land sites;

¾ development of the projects for reclaiming the tilled soils, soil protection from water and wind erosion, mudflow, landslides, flooding, bogging, pollution by waste products of manufacture, chemical and radioactive substances, for improvement of agricultural lands, for development of new areas, preservation and increase of soil fertility;

¾ substantiation of borders accommodation and establishment of especially protected territories;

¾ fixing and change on district of city, country and rural settlements boundaries;

¾ conducting topographical and geodetic, cartographical, soil, agrochemical, geo – botanical, historical, cultural and other researching work;

¾ development of land use planning documents connected with estimation of resources, use and protection of land, preservation and development of historically used economic activities of small peoples and ethnic groups;

¾ drawing up maps and atlases of land resources conditions and use;

¾ land inventory, regular revealing unused, irrationally used, areas used not on a special – purpose designation.

Land use planning activity is carried out in all areas irrespective of their special – purpose designation and forms of ownership according to scientifically proved, publicly discussed and in accordance with established order.

2. Найдите синонимы среди следующих слов:

Activity, regulation, particular, work, special, order, define, arrangement, organizing, determine.

3. Найдите антонимы среди следующих слов:

Misunderstanding, natural, irregular, legal, understanding, unnatural, regular, respective, illegal, irrespective.

4. Переведите следующие сочетания слов с русского на английский язык:

Защита почвы от эрозии; установление границ; материалы проверок и исследований; целевое назначение; улучшение с/х земель; этнические группы; публично обсужденные проблемы; опись (инвентаризация) земли; основные средства; земельные площади; в соответствии с; равные права; компьютерная наука; детальные топографические исследования.

5. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский язык:

1. В России существуют основные направления землеустроительных работ. 2. Разработка землеустроительных документов связана с оценкой земли. 3. Этнические группы используют и сохраняют свою землю. 4. Землеустройство это правильная организация земельных ресурсов. 5. Компьютеры широко используются в землеустройстве. 6. Землеустроители решают топографические и картографические вопросы каждый день. 7. Законодательные и правовые акты определяют правильное использование земель. 8. Пользователи земли и собственники участвуют в землеустроительной работе.

6. Определите, к какой части речи относятся следующие слова:

Arrangement, proprietor, management, worker, specialist, user, government, legislation, administration, citizenship, designation.

7. Образуйте имена существительные от следующих глаголов:

Depend, improve, operate, direct, measure, consider, compose, arrange, participate, manage.

Заполните пропуски, используя следующие слова: estimation, used, administrative, conducts, responsible.

1. Land use planning is financed by ... bodies. 2. A land use planner ... topographical and geodetic works. 3. Maps and atlases are ... by specialists. 4. A land use planner is ... for revealing unused lands. 5. ... of resources is the main task of a land use planner.

9. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. Bodies of the government are the customers of land use planning work. 2. The state guarantees equal rights and protection for citizens. 3. Maintenance of steady landscapes is obligatory for all proprietors. 4. Local land use planning allows receiving operation designs. 5. A land use planner estimates development of a site.

10. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. How many kinds of land use planning do you know? 2. What are they? 3. What is the purpose of land use planning? 4. Are there the basic directions of land use planning activity? 5. Land use planning activity is carried out in all areas, is not it? 6. What tasks does local land use planning solve? 7. What laws does land use planning study? 8. Who can participate in land use planning work?

Самостоятельная работа №6

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

What is Land Cadastre

A Cadastre is normally a parcel based and up-to-date land information system containing a record of interests in land (e.g. rights, restrictions and responsibilities). It usually includes a geometric description of land parcels linked to other records describing the nature of the interests, and ownership or control of those interests. It often describes the value of the parcel and its improvements. It may be established for fiscal purposes (e.g. valuation and equitable taxation), legal purposes (conveyancing), to assist in the management of land and land use for planning and other administrative purposes. The Cadastre enables sustainable development and environmental protection. Cadastral Re-form is concerned with the improvement of cadastral systems.

The Land Cadastre encompasses such information as land resource capacity, land tenure, land ownership and different land uses. The Cadastre provides:

¾ information identifying those people who have interests in parcels of land;

¾ information about those interests, e.g. land duration of rights, restrictions and responsibilities;

¾ information about the parcel, e.g. location, size, improvement, value.

Land tenure is concerned with the rights, restrictions and responsibilities that people have with respect to the land. The Cadastre may record different forms of land tenure such as ownership, leasehold, easements, mortgages and different types of common, communal or customary land tenure.

The Surveyor undertakes different roles in different countries in relation to the establishment and maintenance of the Cadastre. The Surveyor may be responsible for:

¾ cadastral surveying and mapping;

¾ recording of cadastral information;

¾ land valuation; - land use planning;

¾ management of both the graphic and textual cadastral data bases;

¾ resolving land disputes;

¾ custody and supply of cadastral information.

Modern technology, such as up-to-date survey instruments, satellite position fixing (Global Positioning System – GPS), aerial photography and photogrammetry can offer new possibilities to increase the speed and lower the costs for cadastral reform. Computer technology can usually provide better access to information, better manipulation of cadastral data, better quality, and better legal and physical security. To fully utilize modern technology it is important to have trained personnel and facilities to maintain the equipment. Unfortunately this infrastructure is not found in many countries, thereby limiting the use of modern technology.

2. Найдите синонимы среди следующих слов:

Costs, deal, dispute, immediately, exact, transaction, sporadically, modern, ground, accurate, up-to-date, discussion, land, expenses.

3. Найдите антонимы среди следующих слов:

Informal, start, unfortunately, finish, partner, enemy, formal, fortunately.

4. Переведите следующие сочетания слов с русского на английский язык:

Разные страны; правительственные органы; обмен информацией; правовые вопросы; земельная регистрация; различные обстоятельства; организационные структуры; свободно доступный; лучшие манипуляции; новые возможности; систематический подход; перераспределение земли; надёжная информация; рынок земли.

5. Переведите следующие предложения с русского на английский язык:

1.Регистрация земли – это часть кадастровой системы. 2. Кадастр – это основное средство обеспечения информации о земле. 3. Землеустроители играют важную роль в различных странах. 4. Современный кадастр включает геометрическое описание земельных участков. 5. Специалисты должны проводить оценку земли.

6. Образуйте причастия настоящего времени от данных ниже глаголов. Составьте предложения, используя причастия в разных функциях:

To control, to establish, to improve, to assist, to use, to undertake, to find, to connect, to consider, to make, to promote, to increase, to protect, to allocate, to rely.

7. Переведите предложения на русский язык, определите функцию причастия настоящего времени:

1. All European countries are working today on the problem of automating land records. 2. This is what is now happening in the most countries. 3. Utilities such as water, sewerage, electricity and telecommunication are becoming more complex. 4. Starting with the most highly urbanized area, the cadastral maps are increasingly being digitized. 5. Soil damaging utilities must not be used. 6. Demands for efficient maintenance and management are increasing. 7. The Cadastre provides information identifying those people who have interests in parcels of land.

8. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам:

1. A land use planner plays different roles in different countries. 2. A surveyor is responsible for recording cadastral information. 3. Computer technology offers better access to information. 4. Limit of trained personnel restricts the use of modern technology. 5. Aerial photography and photogrammetry offer new possibilities to lower the costs for cadastral reforms.

9. Заполните пропуски, используя глаголы, данные в скобках:

1. A land use planner ____ different roles in different countries (to undertake). 2. Modern survey instruments ____ new possibilities (to offer). 3. The Cadastre ____ in the management of land and land use (to assist). 4. The Cadastre ____ different forms of land tenure (to record). 5. A successful Cadastre ____ reliable information at low cost (to provide).

10. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по тексту:

1. What is а Cadastre? 2. What role does a land use planner play in different countries? 3. What is a land use planner responsible for? 4. Can computer technology provide better access to information? 5. Is it necessary to make careful investigation for cadastral reforms? 6. What kind of modern technology do you know? 7. Why should the Cadastre be managed by the government? 8. Is Cadastral Reforms concerned with the improvement of cadastral systems?

Самостоятельная работа №7

1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

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