PRACTISE YOUR READING SKILLS

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

EAST OR WEST, HOME IS BEST

Методические указания

по развитию навыков чтения и самостоятельной работы
для студентов 1–2 курсов всех специальностей
заочной формы обучения

Мурманск
Издательство МГТУ
2013

Методические указания рассмотрены и одобрены кафедрой 22 октября 2012 г., протокол № 3

Редактор Г. В. Зобнина

Компьютерная верстка

© Мурманский государственный
технический университет, 2013

© А. В. Малаева, 2013

© И. В. Смирнова, 2013

ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ

ВВЕДЕНИЕ................................................................................................. 4

UNIT 1. TRAVELLING............................................................................... 5

PART 1...................................................................................................... 5

PART 2.................................................................................................... 10

PART 3.................................................................................................... 17

PART 4.................................................................................................... 23

UNIT 2. GREAT BRITAIN........................................................................ 25

PART 1.................................................................................................... 25

PART 2.................................................................................................... 29

PART 3.................................................................................................... 34

PART 4.................................................................................................... 41

UNIT 3. LONDON..................................................................................... 43

PART 1.................................................................................................... 43

PART 2.................................................................................................... 47

PART 3.................................................................................................... 50

PART 4.................................................................................................... 53

UNIT 4. MURMANSK AND THE MURMANSK REGION..................... 54

PART 1.................................................................................................... 54

PART 2.................................................................................................... 59

PART 3.................................................................................................... 64

PART 4.................................................................................................... 66

ADDITIONAL TEXTS............................................................................... 68

СПИСОК ИНТЕРНЕТ-РЕСУРСОВ......................................................... 75

ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов младших курсов всех специальностей вечерне-заочного факультета. Они состоят из четырех основных частей, соответствующих тематике программ по английскому языку и содержащих лексический и грамматический материал, который необходимо усвоить студентам за время обучения на 1–2 курсах.

Методические указания состоят из 4 частей, самостоятельная работа над которыми позволит развивать навыки перевода с английского языка на русский и обратно, совершенствовать навыки просмотрового и поискового чтения, активизировать имеющийся пассивный словарный запас и расширить запас активной лексики по изучаемым темам.

Каждая часть методических указаний содержит аутентичные тексты, разнообразные задания, позволяющие студенту самостоятельно выбрать вариант, соответствующий его уровню владения иностранным языком и совершенствующий его навыки и умения по предмету.

Методические указания, предусматривая, главным образом, самостоятельную работу студентов, помогают правильно и эффективно организовать работу студента по изучению учебного материала, необходимого для успешного формирования общекультурных компетенций.

UNIT 1. TRAVELLING

PART 1

PRACTISE YOUR TRANSLATION SKILLS

Text 1

Translate the text from English into Russian with the help of a dictionary and get ready to answer the questions.

Text 2

Translate the text from English into Russian with the help of a dictionary and get ready to answer the questions.

WHAT IS THE AIM OF TRAVELLING

"Travel" is the name of a modern disease which became rampant in the mid-fifties of the last century and is still spreading.

What is the aim of all this travelling? Each nationality has its own different one. The Americans want to take photographs of themselves in: (a) Trafalgar Square with the pigeons, (b) in St. Mark's Square, Venice, with the pigeons, (c) in front of the Arc de Triumph, in Paris, without pigeons. The idea is simply to collect documentary proof that they have been there. The German travels to check up on his guidebooks; when he sees that the Leaning Tower is in its appointed place in Pisa and is leaning at the promised angle – he ticks these things off in his guide-book and returns home with the gratifying feeling that he has not been swindled.

But why do the English people travel? First because their neighbour does and they have caught the bug from him. Secondly, they used to be taught that travel broadens the mind and although they have by now discovered the sad truth that whatever travel may do to the mind, Swiss or German food certainly broadens other parts of the body, the old notion still lingers on. But lastly – and perhaps mainly – they travel to avoid foreigners. Here, in our cosmopolitan England, one is always exposed to the danger of meeting all sorts of peculiar aliens. Not so on one's journeys in Europe, if one manages things intelligently. I know many English people who travel in groups, stay in hotels where even the staff is English, eat roast beef and Yorkshire pudding on Sundays and Welsh pudding on weekdays, all over Europe.

The main aim of the Englishman abroad is to meet people: I mean, of course, nice English people from next door or from the next street. If you meet your next door neighbour in the High Street or at your front door you pretend not to see him or at best, nod coolly; but if you meet him in Capri or Granada, you embrace him fondly and stand him a drink or two, and you may even discover that he is quite a nice chap after all and both of you might as well have stayed at home in Chipping Norton.

(George Mikes)

Questions:

1. Why do the English people travel?

2. What is the main aim of the Englishman abroad?

3. Why do the Americans travel?

4. What is the aim of travelling for the Americans?

5. Does each nationality have the same aim of travelling?

6. Why do they call travelling a modern disease?

7. How do the English meet a neighbour in another country?

Text 3

a) Translate the text from English into Russian with the help of a dictionary and get ready to answer the questions.

b) Choose the correct title for every part of the text, one of the titles is extra:

A – Countryside or big city

B – Different means of transport

C – Buying tickets

D – Travelling by train

E – Various types of travelling

F – The world is open

G – Travelling by sea

H – The cheapest way of travelling

I – New countries and continents

J – Travelling by car

TRAVELLING

1. The scientific and technological progress of the 20th century has allowed people to overcome time and distance, to cover in the twinkle of an eye the vast expanse of our planet. The whole world is open now. The limits of the previous period have stopped to exist.

2. Modern life is impossible without travelling. To begin with most of us in big cities travel everyday to our schools, offices and factories. For some people it is quite a trip to get from home to work. They go by the underground, they change to a bus or they take a taxi. From time to time we have to go to another city or country on business. Then after a year's work people get a holiday and they do not like to spend it at home.

3. Millions of people all over the world spend their holidays travelling. They travel to see other countries and continents, modern cities and the ruins of ancient towns, they travel to enjoy picturesque places or just for a change of scene. It is always interesting to discover new things, to see different ways of life, to meet different people, to try different food, to listen to different musical rhythms.

4. Those who live in the country like to go to a big city and spend their time visiting museums and art galleries, looking at shop windows and dining at exotic restaurants. City dwellers usually like a quiet holiday by the sea or in the mountains, with nothing to do but walk and bathe and lie in the sun.

5. People who wish to travel either for pleasure or on business have at their disposal various means of transport. If you want to get somewhere as quickly as possible the best way is to travel by plane. It is better to book tickets in advance. On the appointed day you go to the airport by car. Soon you'll board the big airliner and it will carry you to new lands. When on the plane you may look around. In front of you in the cockpit you'll see a pilot and his crew. Some of the passengers are reclining in comfortable armchairs. There is a kitchenette in the rear part of the plane where the stewardesses are cooking. Presently we take off and in a few minutes the voice of the pilot informs us about the altitude we are flying. Sometimes it is possible to see the land. It is like a geographical map. Our plane is due to arrive in eight hours. Time passes quickly. The plane arrives at the airport in time.

6. Travelling by train is slower than by plane but it has its advantages. When on the train you can always see the landscapes around you, so you are not simply going to the place of your holidays, but your holidays have already begun. To have a good trip by train you must book the tickets in advance. When the day of your departure comes, you go to the railway station, which is usually closer to your home than the airport. The porter helps you with the luggage. You go to your carriage and find out if you have lower or upper berth in your compartment. Each compartment has its own window, a table, special boxes for suitcases and, of course, four berths.

7. Travelling by sea is mostly for those who are going on holiday and want a pleasant voyage. On board a large cruise ship people get across oceans and visit other countries. The ship calls for a day or two at different ports and people go on the shore for excursions. Crossing the ocean is a magnificent and very long voyage, with enormous waves before you and a 4-deck liner under you. The only drawback is seasickness, so before starting on a voyage you should find out whether you suffer from it or not.

8. Many people prefer travelling by car. This way you can explore the nearby towns and cities. The greatest advantage is that you can stop whenever you like and that you don't depend on any schedule. You start from the door of your house and take the road you like. Coach tours are not expensive and very popular. They are planned as holidays and there is a chance to do a lot of sightseeing and have a good rest at the same time.

9. The cheapest and one of the most popular ways of travelling is hiking. It is always a great experience for a lover of nature. Walking through the wood or along the river, having a rest on the shore of a forest lake, climbing a mountain, you feel yourself a part of nature.

All means of travel have their advantages and disadvantages. People choose one according to their plans and destination. When travelling we see and learn a lot of things that we can never see or learn at home.

Questions:

1. Why do we say that the whole world is open now?

2. What are modern means of travelling?

3. What does the word "travelling" mean for modern people?

4. What is the fastest way of travelling?

5. What is the cheapest way of travelling?

6. Why do people travel?

7. Where do the city dwellers usually like to spend their holidays?

PART 2

PRACTISE YOUR READING SKILLS

Text 1

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