Eat hear run sleep wait come

1. He seems to be still writing his course-paper.

2. They say he is a fair man.

3. The film is said to be very bad.

4. It seems she is silent on the matter for fear of making him angry.

5. He is said to be in a good company.

6. He appears to be still waiting for her.

7. They say she is completely cured.

8. Leave me alone. I am tired.

9. He is still hesitating about our offer.

10. They say he is still a student.

11. They say he is very experienced.

They say he put his idea into practice. Can he have put his idea into practice? He can’t have put his idea into practice. It’s quite impracticable.

11. Translate the sentences into English.

1. Не может быть, что они сейчас дома.

2. Не может быть, что он так много знает.

3. Не может быть, что они сейчас играю во дворе. Уже поздно

4. Не может быть, что она еще спит. Уже десять часов.

5. Не может быть, что он опоздал на поезд.

6. Не может быть, что она обманула его.

7. Не может быть, что вы сделали ошибку.

8. Не может быть, что она провалилась на экзамене.

9. Не может быть, что она предала меня.

10. Не может быть, что он бросил курить.

11. Не может быть, что он сделал это.

12. Не может быть, что он стал доктором.

13. Не может быть, что перевел эту книгу.

12. Read the situations and write questions beginning can...or could...

2. You phone Ann but somebody else answers. Ann isn't there. You want to leave a message for her. You say:___

3. You are a tourist. You want to go to the station but you don't know where it is. You ask at your hotel. You say:___

4. You are in a clothes shop. You see some trousers you like and you want to try them on. You say to the shop assistant:___

5. You have a car. You have to go to the same place as John, who hasn't got a car. You want to give him a lift. You say to John:___

13.There are mistakes in the following sentences. Correct the mistakes.

1) A smart house has a built-in monitoring system that cans turn lights on and off, open and close windows, operate the oven, and more.

2) Computers can helps people work more creatively.

3) But after analyzing patterns within clusters, the mining software cann start to figure out the rules that point to which claims are likely to be false.

4) The final subsets are then small enough that the mining process canns find interesting patterns and relationships within the data.

5) Mining tools can working with all types of data storage, from large data warehouses to smaller desktop databases to flat files.

6) If we canned build even one computer system that cannedunderstand and produce human language as well as humans can, the applications of such a system would be endless.

7) Finally, solid state options such as flash cards cann’t yet match the pricing of hard disks as high capacities.

8) When a brand new computer comes off the factory assembly line, it canto do nothing

9) The database can also to be used to produce statistics for research and reports.

10) An MP3 file can stores a minute of sound per megabyte, while a WAV file needs 11 or 12 megabytes to hold the same amount.

11) You cann, therefore, say that HTML is a presentation language.

12) Current HSM systems support most hardware devices, so you can to mix and match media to suit requirements.

14. Translate from English into Russian paying attention to the modal verb can. Define the meaning of it.

1) Magnetic fields can damage the information stored on disks.

2) Computers have circuits which are able to make decisions.

3) A computer can solve a series of problems and make thousands of logical decisions without becoming tired.

4) You cannot keep a disk near a magnet.

5) The first digital computer could figure out a lot of mathematical problems at a fast rate.

6) The third generation computers could perform many data processing operations in nanoseconds, which are billionths of seconds.

7) We can define data processing as a series of actions or operations that converts data into useful information.

8) The ENIAC had two major shortcomings: it could store and manipulate only a very limited amount of information, and its programs were wired on board.

9) Any formula or those mathematical relationships that can be expressed algebraically can easily be expressed as a FORTRAN instruction.

10) The computer cannot understand instructions written in just any old way.

2. Perhaps Margaret is busy.

3. Perhaps she is working.

4. Perhaps she wants to be alone.

5. Perhaps she was ill yesterday.

6. Perhaps she went home early.

7. Perhaps she had to go home early

8. Perhaps she was working yesterday.

In sentences 9-11 use may notor might not.

1. Perhaps she doesn't want to see me.
2. Perhaps she isn't working today.
3. Perhaps she wasn't feeling well yesterday.

3. Write sentences with mightormight not

1. (its possible that I'll go to the cinema) I___

2. (its possible that I'll see you tomorrow)

3. (its possible that Ann will forget to phone)

4. (it's possible that it will snow today)

5. (it's possible that I'll be late tonight)

6. (it's possible that Mary will not be here)

7. (it's possible that I won't have time to meet you)

4. Paraphrase the sentences using the verbmay

1. It’s possible to see the city from the top of a bus.

2. It’s possible to get to the centre of the city by the underground.

3. It’s possible to buy a ticket at the railway station.

4. It’s possible to get the book from our Institute.

5. It’s possible for anyone to be wrong.

6. It’s possible for anyone to make mistakes.

7. It’s possible for anyone to be sick.

8. It’s possible to see many beautiful buildings in the city.

9. It’s possible to buy this book at any bookstore.

10. It’s possible to go skiing there.

11. It’s possible to spend a quiet evening at home.

12. It’s possible for us to read for our exams together.

13. It’s possible for us to go shopping together.

14. It’s possible to see the sea from here in good weather.

15. It’s possible to walk miles in this district without seeing a house.

5. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets. Use mayor might.

1. I can't find George anywhere. I wonder where he is.

a. (he / go / shopping) He may have gone shopping.

b. (he / play / tennis) He might be playing tennis.

Example: 1) You do not remember your child’s birthday.

You might remember your child’s birthday.

2) You did not switch off the lights before leaving.

You might have switched off the lights before leaving.

1. You do not wear your new suit to the office.

2. You did not sew the buttons on, Alice.

3. You did not even notice how well she played. You do not pay attention to your child.

4. Do come and help me choose it.

5. You did not try hard enough.

6. You did not get up a little earlier and help me to clean up after the party.

7. You never let me know when something like this happens.

8. You didn’t give a detailed account.

9. You did not meet her at the station.

10. You always leave your room in disorder.

18. Paraphrase the sentences using the verb may

1) Depending on the algorithm that is being applied, perhaps it is the information that has been in the cache the longest or the information that is the least recently used.

2) If you use it heavily it is possible that you want to extend or develop or fix bugs in it.

3) Though it is possible that speech recognition is never a complete replacement for other input devices, future interfaces will offer a combination of input devices, a concept known as multimodal input.

4) Perhaps the tag includes the performer’s name, a graphic such as an album cover, the song’s lyrics, the musical genre, and a URL for more details.

5) It is possible that this device also reroutes the message to avoid congestion on the network.

6) Perhaps other people use IMAP4 to retrieve mail, especially where bandwidth is limited or expensive.

7) It is possible your website is shock full of information about your company and its products, but if visitors to the site can’t easily find their way around its pages perhaps they never return.

8) Perhaps the virus also contains a payload that remains dormant until a trigger event activates it, such as the user pressing a particular key.

9) An icon on a display screen is possibly called “Triangles”.

10) If the user right clicks the mouse on “Right triangle”, it is possible a voice clip explains the properties of right triangles.

MUST

Модальный глагол must имеет только форму настоящего времени.

1) Mustвыражает моральный долг, внутреннюю обязанность произвести действие в настоящем или будущем времени. В этом значении must употребляется в утвердительных и вопросительных предложениях с обычным инфинитивом:

I must go.Мне нужно идти. (Я должен идти.)

This is a vast problem that must Это огромная проблема, которую нужно

be broken down into many smaller разбить на много маленьких.

сhunks.

В отрицательных предложениях для передачи отсутствия необходимости употребляется другой модальный глагол – need.

“MustI go there?” - Мне нужнопойти туда?

“No, you needn’t. “ - Нет, не нужно.

Значение долженствования, зависящего от обстоятельств по отношению к будущему или к прошлому, может передаваться эквивалентом глагола must – глаголом have to, который переводится на русский язык словами придется, пришлось:

I had toread the book again. Мне пришлосьперечитать эту книгу.

I will have to make another Мне придется сделать еще один чертеж,

drawing as this one is inaccurate. так как этот неточный.

2) В отрицательном предложении must передает значение запрещения производить действие:

You mustn’tdo it! Не смей это делать!

You mustn’t draw three Нельзя чертить три хорды в одной

chords in a circle. окружности.

3) В сочетании с любой формой инфинитива must служит для выражения вероятности какого-либо действия, предположения близкого к уверенности:

It musthavebeen love. Должно быть, это была любовь.

The theorem must have been Должно быть, теорема была выведена

deduced in another way. по-другому.

В сочетании с must неперфектный инфинитив общего и длительного вида показывает, что действие относится к настоящему, а перфектный инфинитив общего и длительного вида показывает, что действие относится к прошлому.

Значение и употребление глагола must

Exercises

1 Put in must or mustn’t.

1. You must stay in bed.

2. You ____ go to work.

3. You _____ take some medicine.

4. You _____ eat soup.

5. You _____ drink cold drinks.

6. You _____ hot milk or tea.

7. You _____ eat ice-cream.

8. You _____ stop smoking

2.Put in must or can't.

1. You've been travelling all day. You___be very tired.

2. That restaurant___be very good. It's always full of people.

3. That restaurant___be very good. It's always empty.

4. You're going on holiday next week.You___be looking forward to it.

5. It rained every day during their holiday, so they___have had a very nice time.

6. Congratulations on passing your exam. You___be very pleased.

7. You got here very quickly. You___have walked very fast.

8. Bill and Sue go away on holiday very often, so they___be short of money.

3. Complete the sentences. Use must + one of the verbs:

Go go be learn meet wash

1. We___to the bank today. We haven't got any money.

2. Marilyn is a very interesting person. You___her.

3. My hands are dirty. I___them.

4. You___to drive. It will be very useful.

5. I__to the post office. I need some stamps.

6. The game tomorrow is very important for us. We___

7. You can't always have things immediately. You___patient.

4.Complete the sentences with a verb in the correct form.

1. I've lost one of my gloves. I must have dropped it somewhere.

2. They haven't lived here for long. They can't___many people.

3. Ted isn't at work today. He must___ill.

4. Ted wasn't at work last week. He must___ill.

5. (The doorbell rings) I wonder who that is. It can't___Mary. She's still at work at this time.

6. Carol knows a lot about films. She must___to the cinema a lot.

7. Look. Jack is putting on his hat and coat. He must___out.

8. I left my bike outside the house last night and this morning it isn't there any more. Somebody must___it.

9. Ann was in a very difficult situation. It can't___easy for her.

10. There is a man walking behind us. He has been walking behind us for the last 20 minutes. He must___us.

5.Read the situations and use the words in brackets to write sentences with must have and can't have.

1. The phone rang but I didn't hear it. (I / asleep) I must have been asleep.

2. Jane walked past me without speaking, (she / see / me)

3. The jacket you bought is very good quality, (it / very expensive)

4. I haven't seen the people next door for ages, (they / go away)

5. I can't find my umbrella. (I / leave / it in the restaurant last night.

6. Don passed the exam without studying for it. (the exam / very difficult)

7. She knew everything about our plans, (she / listen / to our conversation)

8. Fiona did the opposite of what I asked her to do. (she / understand / what I said)

9. When I woke up this morning, the light was on. (I / forget / to turn it off)

10. The lights were red but the car didn't stop, (the driver / see / the red light)

11. I was woken up in the middle of the night by the noise next door, (the neighbors / have / a party)

6. Complete these sentences with must or have to (in the correct form). Sometimes it is possible to use either; sometimes only have to is possible.

1. It's later than I thought. I must or have to go now.

2. Jack left before the end of the meeting. He___go home early.

3. In Britain many children___wear uniform when they go to school.

4. When you come to London again, you___come and see us.

5. Last night Don became ill suddenly. We___call a doctor.

6. You really___work harder if you want to pass the examination.

7. I'm afraid I can't come tomorrow. I___work late.

8. I'm sorry I couldn't come yesterday. I___work late.

9. Paul doesn't like his new job. Sometimes he___work at weekends.

10. Caroline may___go away next week.

11. We couldn't repair the car ourselves. We___take it to a garage.

12. Julia wears glasses. She___wear glasses since she was very young.

7.Translate from Russian into English using must.

1. Он, должно быть, очень устал. 2. У них даже есть яхта. Они, должно быть, очень богаты. 3. Ты должен уехать завтра утром? 4. Вы не должны опаздывать. 5. Я не должен забывать о своей матери. Я не писал ей целую вечность. Сегодня вечером я должен написать ей письмо. 6. Эта книга очень ценная. Вы не должны ее терять. 7. Неужели вам надо уже уезжать? 8. Я должен признать, что я не прав. 9. Я должна упорно работать над своим английским. 10. Вы должны внимательно слушать учителя на уроке. 11. Ты должен делать уроки каждый день. 12. Вы не должны забывать о своих обязанностях. 13. Вы должны быть осторожны на улице. 14. Она должна быть сейчас дома. 15. Мои друзья, должно быть, дома. 16. Вы, должно быть, очень голодны. 17. Должно быть, очень трудно решать такие задачи. 18. Я должен сегодня повидать своего друга.

8. Put in I must or I had to.

1. I___bank yesterday to get some money.

2. It's late. ___ go now.

3. I don't usually work on Saturdays but last Saturday___work.

4. I___get up early tomorrow. I've got a lot to do.

5. I went to London by train last week. The train was full and___stand all the way.

6. I was nearly late for my appointment this morning___run to get there on time.

9. Fill in: mustor have to.

"Welcome on behalf of Newton Industries. I'd like to explain a few of the factory rules. Mr. Newton has said we 1) have to wear overalls at all times. He wants us to arrive at 8 am and we 2) ___clock in. There is a possibility of working overtime but you 3) ___decide whether you want to work extra hours. Mr. Newton insists that we 4) ___have fifteen-minute breaks every three or four hours but we 5) ___choose when we would like those breaks. There is a problem with parking. The city insists we 6) ___use the public garage. They believe parking on the grass is too damaging to public property and I 7) ___say I agree. Finally, as far as health insurance is concerned, you 8) ___register as soon as possible. Are there any questions?"

10. Complete these sentences using don't / doesn't / didn't have to + one of these verbs: do got up go go pay shave wait work

1. I'm not working tomorrow, so I don’t have to get up early.

2. The car park is free – you___to park your car there.

3. I went to the bank this morning. There was no queue, so I___

4. Sally is extremely rich. She___

5. We've got plenty of time. We___ yet.

6. Jack has got a beard, so he___

7. I'm not particularly busy. I've got a few things to do but I___ them now.

8. A man was slightly injured in the accident but he___ to hospital.

11. Complete these sentences with mustn'tor don't/doesn't have to.

1. I don't want anyone to know. You mustn’t tell anyone.

2. He___ wear a suit to work but he usually does.

3. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I___ go to work.

4. Whatever you do, you___ touch that switch. It's very dangerous.

5. There's a lift in the building, so we___ climb the stairs.

6. You___ forget what I told you. It's very important.

7. Sue___ get up early. She gets up early because she wants to.

8. Don't make so much noise. We___ wake the baby.

9. I___ eat too much. I'm supposed to be on a diet.

10. You ___be a good player to enjoy a game of tennis.

12. Fill in the blanks with may (might), can (could) or must. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. She___ not have missed his remark. It was intended for her.

2. The solution___ have occurred to him too late. He was powerless to change anything.

3. As you grow older you___ realize how wrong you were.

4. Who___ have thought then that the case would be lost?

5. He___ have said it but I___ hardly believe it.

6. You___ have done it for the sake of mother.

7. The mistake___ not have remained unnoticed. It was too bad.

8. You say you rang him up at five in the morning. He___ have been annoyed with you.

9. You___ have said something in your defence. Why didn’t you?

10. I___ tell by the looks on their faces that they were interested in what I was saying.

11. He___ not have forgotten the events of the last few years. They___ be still fresh in his mind.

12. He___ have warned us. It’s so much like him to leave without saying a word.

13. Don’t forget summer is over and you___ catch cold sitting like this. Better come inside and while I fix coffee you___ tell me all about your problem.

14. Judging by the manner people greet you, you___ be a big man here.

15. I___ not have been waiting for more than ten minutes but to me it seemed an age.

13. Fill in the blanks with can, may or must.

1. “Will you know where to go?” “Yes, thank you. I___ always ask my brother.”

2. “I’d give anything to meet that fellow.” “We___ see what___ be done.”

3. She was beginning to want to ask him in but she knew that she___ not do it yet.

4. I’ve other things to attend to which___ be put through immediately.

5. I admire your mother’s looks. She___ have been a lovely girl.

6. The apples are very good. You___ eat them all.

7. “I don’t know why he did it.” “It___ have amused him.”

8. They say the driver___ have been going fifty miles round that blind corner, for the body to have been thrown and injured like it was.

9. You___be very prosperous, Eustace, to own a car like that.

10. Obviously Halivand had worked late the night before, as he___ have done for several nights in a row, because he looked drawn and pale.

11. The water of the pool___ have been heated for it steamed gently in the beams of the lamps.

12. The man danced very well. He___ have spent hours taking lessons, Jack thought.

13. “At least I want to keep my mind occupied.” “You___ get a good book and read it.”

14. We___ not exaggerate the situation.

15. “I thought the English were great lovers of dogs.” “We think American love dollars, but there___ be exceptions.”

14. Translate the following sentences into English using can, may or must wherever possible.

1. Они должны делать, как им сказано.

2. Я не могу уйти, не расплатившись.

3. Они должны вернуть все деньги.

4. Ты мог бы им позвонить и сказать, что не придешь.

5. Я так хотел есть, что чуть не съел все сразу.

6. Мне взять зонт? – Да, похоже, что будет дождь.

7. Ты не мог бы прийти немного попозже?

8. Неужели ты сам это написал?

9. Это просто не может случиться со мной.

10. Может быть, он не захотел выступить.

15.Paraphrase the following sentences with the modals in the Past and Future Tenses:

1) Computers can replace people in dull routine work.

2) The program is a set of instructions that may also include data to be processed.

3) Computer-controlled robots must increase the productivity of industry.

4) They can help in making different decisions.

5) The pupils may work with computers at the lessons.

6) Electric pulses can move at the speed of light.

7) Storage devices must have capacities for the input, output data and programs and for intermediate results.

8) Business minicomputers can perform to 100 million operations per second.

9) In order to solve scientific problems researchers must deal with the language of science – mathematics.

10) Programmers must write application programs in a way that computers can understand.

16.A)Read the instructions about disks and drives:

1) Protect your disks against high temperature. Keep the disk between 5°C and 60°C.

2) Remember to block the disk if you want to be sure that information is not changed or erased by accident.

3) Don't put heavy objects on top of the disk.

4) Magnetic fields can damage the information stored on disks. Don't leave them near the telephone or a magnet.

5) Keep disks away from liquids and humidity.

6) Don't touch the magnetized surface under the metallic cover.

7) Keep the disk in a box or protective case.

8) Don't bend of fold the disk.

B) Work in pairs. Tell each other what you mustor mustn'tdo to protect your disks.

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