Правила образования будущего длительного времени
Правила образования настоящего длительного времени
Для образования утвердительной формы в настоящем длительном временииспользуется вспомогательный глагол to be в настоящем времени (am, is, are) и причастие настоящего времени смыслового глагола (-ing форма).
to be
| (I)am(he, she. it)is(we, you, they) are
| + V - ing
|
I am playing tennis.
Я играю в теннис (сейчас).
He is playing football.
Он играет в футбол (сейчас).
She is cooking.
Она готовит еду (сейчас).
It is raining.
Идет дождь (сейчас).
We are living in a small flat.
Мы живем в маленькой квартирке (в настоящий момент).
You/ They are going to school.
Вы (ты, они) идете (-ешь, -ут) в школу.
Глаголы в форме настоящего продолженного времени часто употребляются с обстоятельствами now - сейчас, at the moment- в настоящий момент. Однако часто эти слова в предложении отсутствуют, так как они всегда очевидны из самой формы глагола.
Чтобы образовать вопросительное предложение в настоящем продолженном времени нужно поставить глагол to beперед подлежащим, а смысловой глагол в форме -ing будет стоять после подлежащего.
Is she cooking?
Она готовит еду?
Are you playing tennis?
Вы играете в теннис,
Чтобы образовать отрицательную форму нужно после вспомогательного глагола to be поставить отрицательную частицу not.
She is not crying.
Она не плачет.
They are not smiling.
Они не улыбаются.
Обратите внимание! В настоящем длительном времени обычно не употребляются следующие глаголы:
- see, recognize, hear, smell, appear, taste, seem, sound
Can you hear the wind?
Ты слышишь ветер?
- want, wish, hope, like, forget, forgive, prefer, hate, love
Which chocolate do you like best?
Какой шоколад ты любишь больше?
- think, know, mean, understand, remember, guess, forget, agree, believe
I think the shop is open now.
Я думаю, что магазин сейчас открыт.
I have a headache.
У меня болит голова.
Но: I'm having a bath. - Я сейчас принимаю ванну.
- cost, own, belong to, consist of, matter, contain, depend (on) concern
How much does it cost?
Сколько это стоит?
The bottle contains a litre of milk.
Бутылка вмещает литр молока.
Выполни задания
Задание№1
1. I ... to music in my room now.
am listening am listen listen listening
2. He ... to fly to Paris next week.
goes is going is go going
3. She .... for the concert these days.
practises practise are practising is practising
4. What .... they doing?
do are is am
5. We ... hard these days.
will work work is working are working
6. She ... her bike at the moment.
ride is ride is riding rides
7. I ... to Paris tomorrow.
will fly am flying fly is flying
8. He ... for a job now.
are looking looked looks is looking
9. He ... to the party with us. He's too tired today.
is coming isn't coming won't come will come
10. you ... always ... my things!
do take take are taking aren't taking
11. Tom and I ... tennis on Sunday.
are playing am playing are play am play
12. Listen! Somebody ... .
cries is crying crying are crying
13. My family .... in the living room and watching TV.
is sitting is siting sits isn't sitting
14. Look! That boy ... alone on the edge of the road.
are staying staying am staying is staying
15. He .... in the park because he's preparing to his exams.
isn't walking walking is walking isn't walk
Задание №2
Обратите внимание при выполнении, в каких ситуациях нужно использовать настоящее длительное время, а в каких настоящее простое время, а также на некоторые глаголы, которые не употребляются в длительном времени, поэтому в таких предложениях всегда будет простое время.
1. “Excuse me, (you / to speak) English?
Начало формы
do you speak are you speaking
Конец формы
2. “Where's Andrew?” - “I (to know).”
Начало формы
don't know am not knowing
Конец формы
3. What (you / to laugh at )?
Начало формы
do you laugh at are you laughing at
Конец формы
4. "Where (you / to come from)?" - "Russia".
Начало формы
do you come from are you coming from
Конец формы
5. Anna is a good golf player but she (to play) very often.
Начало формы
doesn't play isn't playing
Конец формы
6. I am sorry but I (not to understand). Can you speak louder?
Начало формы
don't understand am not understanding
Конец формы
7. Listen! Someone(to sing).
Начало формы
sings is singing
Конец формы
8. You can turn the TV off. I (not to watch) it.
Начало формы
don't watch am not watching
Конец формы
9. I usually (to leave) my house at 8 p.m.
Начало формы
is leaving leave
Конец формы
10. Misha is tired. He (to want) to go home now.
Начало формы
wants is wanting
Конец формы
Правила образования прошедшего длительного времени
Прошедшее длительное время обозначает действие, происходившее в определённый момент в прошлом, который обозначен либо обстоятельством времени (at that moment, at ... o'clock yesterday), либо другим коротким, одноразовым действием в Past Simple. При этом ни начало, ни конец длительного действия неизвестны. Подчёркивается сам процесс действия, его продолжительность.
Утвердительная форма в прошедшем длительном времени образуется при помощи глагола to be и -ing формы смыслового глагола.
to be
| (I)was(he, she. it)was(we, you, they) were
| + V - ing
|
It was raining when Tom left my house.
Шел дождь, когда Том вышел из моего дома.
They were watching TV when we came.
Когда мы пришли, они смотрели телевизор.
Чтобы образовать отрицательную форму, нужно поставить отрицание not после глагола to be.
He was not (wasn't) working.
They were not watching TV when we came.
Для того, чтобы образовать вопросительную формув прошедшем длительном времени, нужно глагол to be поставить в начале предложения.
Washe working?
Were they watching TV when you came?
Обратите внимание! Прошедшее длительное время употребляется в следующих случаях:
- если описывается действие, происходившее в определенный момент в прошлом.
Ann was writing a test at 2 o'clock yesterday.
Аня вчера писала контрольную работу в 2 часа.
- если есть указание на одновременное выполнение двух действий.
My mother was cooking dinner while we were cleaning the room.
Пока мы убирали комнату. моя мама готовила обед.
- если в предложении описывается действие, во время которого произошло другое действие (выраженное глаголом в Past Simple).
I was cleaning my room when Bob came.
Я убирал комнату, когда пришел Боб.
Выполни задания
Задание№1
1We ___ tea when our grandparents came.
Awas having Bwere have Cwere having
2He ___ the house this time yesterday.
Awas painting Bwere painting Cpainting
3Mary ___ home when she met her old friend.
Awas walking Bwas walk Cwere walking
4They ___ cricket at 10 a.m. yesterday.
Anot playing Bweren’t playing Cwasn’t playing
5Sam and I ___ over the phone when the connection failed.
Awere chat Bwas chatting Cwere chatting
6The radio was on but nobody ___ to it.
Awere listening Bwas listening Cweren’t listening
7She ___ dinner while her husband was working in the garden.
Awas cooking Bwas cook Cwere cooking
8Carol was at the party last night. She ___ a very nice dress.
Awearing Bwas wearing Cwere wearing
9___ at 8 p.m. yesterday?
AKnitting she BWere she knitting CWas she knitting
10We ___ along the coast all evening yesterday.
Awas driving Bwere driving Cwere drive
11I ___ anything this time yesterday.
Awasn’t doing Bweren’t doing Cnot doing
12We ___ a snowman all morning yesterday.
Awere making Bwere make Cwas making
13Lucy ___ a bath at 9 o’clock yesterday.
Awere having Bwas have Cwas having
14When I last saw you, you ___ at university.
Awere studying Bwas studying Cstudying
15He __ for me when I came.
Awas wait Bwas waiting Cwere waiting
16Kelly was busy, so we ___ very long.
Awasn’t staying Bwasn’t stay Cweren’t staying
17Why ___ at you?
Awere that woman staring Bwas that woman
staring
Cwas that woman
stare
18I didn’t go to work yesterday. I ___ well.
Awasn’t be feel Bwasn’t feeling Cweren’t feeling
19When I met Tim in the shop, he ___ for a new computer.
Awas looking Bwere looking Cwas look
20Sally and Ann ___ in the park when it started raining.
Awas running Bwere run Cwere running
21When I got home, my sister ___ with a kitten.
Aplaying Bwas playing Cwere playing
22Where were you yesterday evening? I ___ my niece in hospital.
Awas visiting Bwas visit Cwere visiting
23Sue ___ outside the theatre when the performance began.
Awas to standing Bwas standing Cwere standing
24Tom and Liz were busy yesterday. They ___ their mom around the house.
Ahelping Bwas helping Cwere helping
25We ___ a New Year tree all morning yesterday.
Awere decorating Bwere to decorating Cwas decorating
Задание №2
Обратите внимание, когда мы используем настоящее длительное время, а когда настоящее простое время.
1. When I arrived, Tom (lie) on the sofa and (speak) over the phone. lied, spoke was liing, speaking was liing, was speaking was lying, was speaking
2. The police caught Dan when he (rob) a shop. has robbed was robing was robbing robed
3. He couldn’t speak because he (die) of laughtеr. had died were dying was dying was diing
4. - What you (do) between one and two? I phoned you several times. - I (play) the piano and heard nothing. will you do, ’ll play are you doing, am playing were you doing, was playing was you doing, was playing
5. When I got up that morning, the sun (shine) brightly and the birds (sing). shone, sang was shining, were singing were shining, was singing
6. When you rang me yesterday, I (have) a bath. were having had had had was having
7. Somebody stole the money from Dad’s pocket while he (sleep). slept was sleeping were sleeping
8. I (sit) by the window when I heard the noise. was sitting sat sitted
9. It (rain) cats and dogs as I (walk) towards their house. rained, was walking rained, walked were raining, was walking was raining, was walking
10. Just as Tom (cross) the street, a car came round the corner. crossed were crossing was crossing
11. I glanced at Mary who (still/ shiver) from the cold. still was shivering were still shivering still shivered was still shivering
12. At six o’clock I (wait) for Jennie at the station. am waiting will wait wait
13. On coming up to the house I saw a man who (try) to unlock the door by force. tried was trying
14. The student (reply) to the question when the headmistress came in. had replied was replying was repliing
15. I saw a light in your window as I (pass) by. was passing had passed passed
16. 16. Liz’s elder brother said that he (go) to enter Leeds University. will go would go was going
17. While my son (wait) for my call, somebody knocked at the door. had waited was waiting waited
18. We (just/talk) about him when he suddenly (come) in. were just talking, was coming just were talking, came were just talking, came
19. They (quarrel) while they (wash) their car. quarreled, were washing were quarelling, were washing were quarreling, washed
20. Yesterday while Dad (shave), he (cut) himself slightly. shaved, cut was shaving, cut was shaving, cutted
Конец формы
Правила образования будущего длительного времени
Глаголы в будущем длительном времени обозначают действие, которое будет происходить в определенный момент времени в будущем. При этом часто используются обстоятельства времени:tomorrow at 5 o'clock(завтра в пять часов), at that time next week (в это же время на следующей неделе), the whole morning tomorrow (целое утро завтра), from 5 till 7 tomorrow (с 5 до 7 завтра).
I'll be working the whole morning tomorrow.
Я буду работать завтра целое утро.
Для того, чтобы образовать утвердительную форму в будущем длительном времени нужно использовать глагол to be в будущем времени (shall be/will be) и -ing формы смыслового глагола.
to be
| (I, we)shall (will) be(he, she. it, you, they) will be
| + V - ing
|
I'll be writing a test at 2 o'clock tomorrow.
Я напишу контрольную работу завтра в 2 часа.
I'll be having a bath at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.
Я буду принимать ванну завтра в 7 часов утра.
Чтобы образовать вопросительную форму в будущем длительном времени нужно глагол to be в форме shall be/will be поставить в начале предложения.
Will he be working tomorrow at 7 o'clock?
Будет ли он работать завтра в 7 часов?
Will you be going there? - Yes, I'll be going there.
Ты пойдешь туда? - Да, пойду.
Чтобы образовать отрицательную форму в будущем длительном времени нужно после глагола to be поставить отрицание not.
- Shall not = shan't
- Will not = won't
He won't beworking when you return.
Когда ты придешь, он не будет работать.
They won't beplaying.
Они не будут играть.
Выполни задания
Задание №1
1. Will you … at your cousin’s next year in summertime? a) be staying b) staying c) are stay d) be stay
2. I … flowers in the street one of these days (на днях). a) will sold b) will sell c) sell d) will be selling
3. Why will they be … this time on Wednesday after work? Because they will be … guests just then. a) spring-clean/ receive b) spring-cleaning/ receiving c) spring-cleaned/ receiving d) spring-cleaning/ received
4. At this time the day after tomorrow we … in the sea. a) will be swum b) will be swimming c) swim d) will swim
5. Tomorrow at 6 pm they … us off the station (провожать). a) will see b) will be seeing c) see d) sees
6. At this time next month I …not be … to Canada. a) will/fly b) will/flew c) will/flown d) will/flying
7. Why will she be … yellow jacket tomorrow at this time? Because she wants to buy it. a) tried on b) trying on c) try on d) to try
8. This time next Friday my son … lessons in Maths. a) will be taking b) would be taking c) will take d) takes
9. How can I recognize you? I … a red scarf. a) will be wearing b) will wearing c) might wear d) wear
10. When I return home from work my kids … homework. a) will do b) will done c) will be doing d) will doing
Задание №2
Обратите внимание на использование будущего длительного времени и будущего простого времени
1. This time tomorrow they (sit) in the train on their way to Chicago. will sit will be sitting are sitting
2. 2. Don’t phone Jim from 5 to 6 – he (have) English. had is having will be having has
3. Why are you in a hurry? If you arrive at 8 o’clock, they (still/cook) the meal. still are cooking are still be cooking will be still cooking
4. - I’m not sure I’ll recognize Eve. I haven’t seen her for ages. - She (wear) a dark blue pullover and jeans. wears will be wearing is wearing
5. He (sleep) when you come back tonight. will be sleeping would be sleeping slept
6. - Let’s meet at the station at 5 o’clock. - OK. I (wait) for you there. ’ll wait will be waiting wait
7. I (work) for my exam on Philosophy all day tomorrow. have been working works am working will be working
8. 8. “ … you (see) Alex tomorrow?” – “Of course I will. I (see) him at the Board meeting.” Do you see, see Would you see, ’d see Will you be seeing, will be seeing
9. Next Friday, the President (celebrate) ten years in power. celebrates will celebrate will be celebrated will be celebrating
10. The plane (travel) at twice the speed of sound when it passes overhead. will be traveling travels will travel is traveling
11. “I wonder if that terrible wind (blow) tomorrow.” – “Oh, yes. The weather forecast says it (blow) for another two weeks. will blow, will blow will be blowing, will be blowing will blow, blows
12. I (say) more about that topic in my next lecture. will say am saying will be saying
13. After the operation you (not/do) any sport for a while. didn’t don’t will not be doing won’t do
14. She (perform) every day until the end of the month. performs will be performing shall be performing will perform
15. We (go) to my brother’s house again for Christmas. will be going go are going
16. I (see) Tom on Tuesday. That’s when we usually meet. saw will see will be seeing have seen
17. We (join) you in half an hour. will join will be joining shall join
18. … you (use) the computer for long? I need it. Do you use Did you use Will you use Will you be using
19. - Is it alright if I come at about 8.30? - No, I (watch) the football then. will be watching will watch am watching
20. What time your friends (arrive) tomorrow? do your friends arrive will be your friends arriving will your friends be arriving are your friends arriving
Конец формы
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