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Классификация запахов Цваардемакера





Идиомы

1. If I can just finish my research paper on time, I'll come out smelling like a rose by the end of the school year.

come out smelling like a rose- to succeed; to do better than anyone else in some situation.

2. I was surprised that my congressional representative came up smelling like a rose after his colleagues investigated him.

come up smelling like a rose- to end up looking good or respectable after being involved in some difficult or notorious affair.

3.Bob was upset when his job title was changed from "administrative assistant" to "secretary." We tried to convince him that a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.

rose by any other name would smell as sweet - The nature of a thing is more important than what it is called. (From Shakespeare's play, Romeo and Juliet.)

4. The dog smelled the crook out from the place in the alley where he was hiding. The dog smelled out the raccoon.

smell (someone, something, or an animal) out - to locate someone, something, or an animal by smelling or as if by smelling.

5. Your cooking sure smelled this place up! The spoiled meat really smelled up the house!

smell something up - to cause a bad or strong odor in a place or on something.

6. I don't think this was an accident. I smell a rat. Bob had something to do with this. The minute I came in, I smelled a rat. Sure enough, I had been robbed.

When Clara didn’t come back with my money, I began to smell a rat.

Перевод: идиома “smell a rat” переводится на русский язык как «почувствовать что-то неладное», «что-то не так», «догадываться», «подозревать», «казаться подозрительным», «чуять, где собака зарыта», «пахнуть подвохом».

Значение: эта идиома используется, когда человек подозревает что-то неладное или какой-либо обман. Эту идиому можно употреблять, когда вам говорят о чем-то, к чему вы относитесь с подозрением и ожидаете какой-либо подвох или обман.



Происхождение: свое происхождение “smell a rat” берет с охотничьих собак, которых пускали в дом для того чтобы вылавливать крыс. Так вот, когда эти собаки чуяли запах крыс, хозяева точно знали, что здесь что-то неладное!

He smelt a rat but he kept mum — Он что-то подозревал, но помалкивал

7. I came out of the whole mess smelling like a rose, even though I caused all the trouble. The politician survived the scandal smelling like a rose, but I knew different.

smell like a rose- to seem innocent.

- оправиться (после неудач, трудных времён)

Example:

Linda had a lot of problems, but when I met her yesterday, she came up smelling like roses.

8. This deal is messed up. It smells to high heaven. something's wrong here. Somebody blabbed. This setup smells to high heaven.

smell to (high) heaven -1. Go to stink to high heaven. 2. Fig. to give signals that cause suspicion.

9. This plan of yours stinks to high heaven, or His financial schemes smell to high heaven; I'm sure they're dishonest. This expression alludes to something so rank that it can be smelled from a great distance.

10. What happened? This place stinks to high heaven. This meat smells to high heaven. Throw it away!

stink to high heaven and smell to high heaven - to smell very bad.



11. Things have changed around here, Wallace J. Hodder! Wake up and smell the coffee!

wake up and smell the coffee- Try to pay attention to what's going on.

12. Fish and company stink in three days.

Рыба и компания начинают плохо пахнуть через три дня.

И лучшая песенка приедается.

13. The huge, medieval Gothic cathedral had a distinct odor of sanctity. odorof sanctity - an atmosphere of excessive holiness or piety.

14.This candidate puts off some voters with his odor of sanctity.Exaggerated or hypocritical piety, an assumption of moral superiority, This expression, originating in the medieval idea that the dead body of a saintly individual gives off a sweet smell, was used to describe saintliness in the mid-1700s. Today it is generally used ironically.

15.Your old sneakers are stinking up the closet; throw them out.

16.These onions smell up the whole house.

 

Предложения

 

1. And through the window came a wandering--perhaps a lost--odour--a delicate, sweet odour of lilac that fixed the broker for a moment immovable.

2. He's in bad odour with his business partners for having pulled out of the deal at the last minute.

if you are in bad odour with someone, they are angry with you because of something you have done (often + with )

3. Ginger root essential oil 4 fl oz: c: ginger oil has a warm, spicy-woody odor... woody odor.

4. Maybe you suffer from bad breath, body odor or even both.

5. They also smelled a strong odor of ammonia emanating from the car.

6. In the wind are pungent odors from the marshes by the road.

7. Also, noah offers a sacrifice of a pleasing odor to the lord.

8. Scully: you don't detect a faint floral odor?

9. A foul odor will rise from the dead bodies.

10. By improving the function of the skin, the infrared treatments may eliminate the cause of offensive body odor.

11. Volatile oil an odorous plant oil that evaporates readily; also called essential oil.

12. These odorous compounds may be the consequence of microbial metabolism, and the microbes may be toxic themselves.

13. Odorousgases from gas separators and thickeners were burned in the boilers or in incinerators.

14. Inhale the aroma, sip it’s delicate flavour, rolling it over your tongue slowly while you savor the taste.

15. Inhale the aroma of the finest coffees from round the world.

16. They promised to fix the printer today; you needn't make a stink about it(критиковать, устраивать скандал)

17. he parents were raising a stink about the principal's new rules.(устроить скандал)

18. When you visit you'll be seduced by the heady aromas.

19. this ale has a pronounced floral hop aroma tempered with an underlying roasted malt character.



20. The enticing aromas of the evening meal i had missed still wafted through the air.

21. The spicy aroma from its leaves can restore health.

22. Add the wine to the ingredients in the frying pan and savor the delicious aroma!

23. There were gilly flowers growing below the windows which on summer evenings filled them with fragrance

Там под окнами цвели белые левкои, даря мне летними ночами свой восхитительный аромат

24. Mr Weaver said the smell he hated the most was manure, particularly pig manure which can be a little toxic.

25. Probably the most disgusting smell i have ever experienced in my life has got to be the chicken farm down a w fields away from where I work; therefore I have the pleasure 5 out of 7 days of this aroma.

26. Researchers at the University of Glasgow are showcasing smart devices to help people lead more independent lives when they have memory problems, They include an intelligent bowl which knows what is inside it and a 'smelly fan' which reminds people to eat.

27. The team, from the university's School of Computing Science, are also experimenting with smellsto act as reminders.

28. The smells are dispensed by a fan which can be programmed to switch on at certain times of the day.

29. Researchers say the fan could be used to remind people that it is lunch-time by dispensing pleasant smells of fresh bread or pizza.

30. "We've played around with pleasant smells, disgusting smells, food smells and memory evoking smells."

31. I don't know how to explain the weird smell in this hotel but it is not pleasant.

32. The room is spacious though and includes a sofa for the most part it's clean except the bad smell.

33.. If the wind is just right you can smell them even before you drive up to the stinky geysers.

34. The smell varies from place to place, but the painted mud pots in the Hayden Valley (between Canyon and Lake Yellowstone) smells the worst.

35. We just got back from Yellowstone. The thermal areas have the rotten egg smell, but it wasn't too bad.

36. They have created an odour product for shoes that is being sold under Boots' own brand and their patches are now being sewn into some M&S suits.

37. They each individually take in the sights and the smells. Seth is the first to say something.Они, каждый по своему, воспринимают вид/зрелище и запахи. Сету первому есть что сказать

38. I like travelling. And I want to smell different smells. I want to see different kinds of trees, flowers and plants. Мне нравится путешествовать. И я хочу вдыхать различные ароматы. Я хочу увидеть разнообразные деревья, цветы и растения.

39. And everywhere you go you will see boats out on the sea, smell fresh and salt and feel the sea wind on your face. И куда бы вы ни шли, вы увидите лодки на море, ощутите запах свежей рыбы и соли и почувствуете, как касается лица морской ветер.

40. “Well,” she said, “I'm seventeen and I'm crazy. My uncle says the two always go together. When people ask your age, he said, always say seventeen and insane. Isn't this a nice time of night to walk? I like to smell things and look at things, and sometimes stay up all night, walking, and watch the sun rise.”

— Ну вот, — сказала она, — мне семнадцать лет, и я помешанная. Мой дядя утверждает, что одно неизбежно сопутствует другому. Он говорит: если спросят, сколько тебе лет, отвечай, что тебе семнадцать и что ты сумасшедшая. Хорошо гулять ночью, правда? Я люблю смотреть на вещи, вдыхать их запах, и бывает, что я брожу вот так всю ночь напролет и встречаю восход солнца.

41. i didn’t mind the idea so much, but I didn’t feel like being lectured to and smell Vicks Nose Drops and look at old man in his pajamas and bathrobe all at the same time. I really didn’t. Вообще-то я не возражаю, пусть говорит, но чтобы тебя отчитывали, а кругом воняло лекарствами и старый мужчина сидел перед тобой в пижаме и халате - это уж слишком.

42. You can tell from the smell that this milk has gone bad.

43. The firefighters finally were able to pin down the source of the odor.

44. In the early mornings, everything is still. The parks and gardens breathe aromatic, moist air through their railings onto the silent streets.

45. A release like that of Deepwater Horizon contains a rich mix of carbon-containing molecules - alkanes, methane and what are called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), each presenting its own risks to the environment.

46. Wild garlic - a sure sign of the arrival of spring - has an unmistakable pungent aroma.

47. If you go down to the woods this weekend, be ready for the unmistakable aroma of wild garlic.

48. It is rife at this time of year and the pungent herby smell is hard to avoid.

49. It is a chance to forage in the woodland and hear how the experts chefs cook with the aromatic herb.

50. "It's a wonderful, wonderful smell. It's an assault on the senses," said organiser Stephen Powell.

51. Their blooms are colourful and fragrant, their roots long and dangly.

52. Consumers know their perfume better than any expert," says Jean Guichard, who heads the perfume school in Paris set up in 1946 by Swiss fragrance maker Givaudan.

53. Natural ingredients are more supple than synthetic ingredients and give more depth to a perfumeas well as a subtle play on various notes, says Malle, adding that IFRA restrictions have cost him "hundreds of hours" and "endless tests."

54. Brand owners such as Chanel and LVMH and scent-makers such as Coty, L'Oreal, Procter & Gamble, Givaudan and Symrise all have different goals.

55. A senior director at a leading tic said the brand's own scientists had noticed an increase in the frequency of allergies in the past 15 years, partly due to pollution and nutrition.

56. Although the Le Pin 1986 is judged to be "delicious and scented, at its best" in March 2012, they recommend: "Sell the majority, if not all." The government has since parted with 36 bottles, contributing towards a return of £44,000 from wine sold in 2011/12.

57. Wax Lyrical, which makes luxury scented candle ranges, makes more than 15 million products every year in its Lake District factory and sells 45% of its stock overseas.

58. Known for their potent, hoppy flavours and high alcohol percentages, and often comprising unusual ingredients like chilli and chocolate, American craft beers have inspired a host of imitators, especially in the UK.

59. An explosion in independently-run microbreweries producing lovingly-created, strong, pungent, flavour-rich ales has transformed the reputation of the product.

60. Three people have been arrested after police were alerted to a strong smell of cannabis in their street in East Sussex.

61. "I was overwhelmed by the number of people from the local area approaching local officers with their concerns about the pungent smell of cannabis," said PC Eoin Freeman.

62. Residents of the Italian city of Naples set fire to piles of rubbish overnight in protest at the government's failure to clear a backlog of some 2,000 tonnes of malodorous waste from the streets.

63. But a short drive up the road - past the burnt-out squares that were once their homes - some 4,000 Rohingya Muslims live crammed together on a fetid pile of mud, surrounded by streams of water filled with sewage, our correspondent adds.

64. In a slum of some 50 or so houses, wedged between a main road and a railway, backing onto a green fetid swamp full of mosquito larvae, Parbhatti Devi told me that she had lived here all her life.

65. Once they have finished, they ask me to press the button to alert the driver - the only member of the team on a fixed wage - and the truck creeps forward, as we hang off the back or stand atop the piles of fetid rubbish.

66. The Beijing News says a stinking "mountain of rubbish", so huge that it is called a "landmark" by drivers, could be contaminating the capital's water supplies. For over 20 years, rubbish has been dumped into a ravine near Hebei province's Juhe River, which supplies water to the capital, the newspaper says.

67. Civic authorities in India's Bihar state have dumped heaps of stinking garbage outside a shopping complex to penalise its owner for evading taxes.

68. Oxford wrote a paper about a grisly boating accident during a thunder storm in Oxford, which left a "stinking, sulphurous smell in the air".

69. Millions of stink bugs are emerging from their hibernation, a sign of spring that strikes fear into the hearts of farmers across the US.

70. Tuesday evening's French Cup football match between Rouen and Marseille has been postponed because of the stink.

71. "If you've not encountered a flood before, it really does stink.

72. The stink of sulfur can be very difficult to remove from clothing, even with repeated washing and airing out.

73. Weak odor can be removed by line drying clothing, especially outside where there is wind.

74. In his last blog, he wrote: " really stinks that the cancer has returned and that I have spent too many days in the hospital.

75. It's not just flood water, it's sewerage coming up too and it's a serious pollution problem. "It's unbearable, it stinks."

76.Hot weather and pollution led to the stink which prompted politician Benjamin Disraeli to describe the river as "a Stygian pool reeking with ineffable and unbearable horror".

77. The pair claim their home started reeking of mould about three weeks after a storm and they suffered peeling skin and irritation.

78.Your clothes, your hair, your breath, your fingers - even your skin - all reek.

79. Pell's criticism of church leadership reeks of hypocrisy.

80. To tackle the putrid river, which was becoming a national disgrace, Sir Joseph Bazalgette designed a sewer network for central London and massive embankments narrowing the Thames but attempting to cleanse it and restore London's health.

81. Juniper oil is a colorless or pale greenish yellow limpid liquid with a characteristic odor of the fruit and a somewhat burning bitter flavor.

82. Getting rid of burnt smell from the house is something everyone has faced, Let us look at a few ways to tackle this problem for a fresh-smelling home.

83. Read more at Buzzle:

84. he first step you should take to remove the burnt smell is to throw away the burnt item. Open all the doors and windows. Turn on the fan. If the smoke alarm has gone off, swing a wet towel below the alarm in circular motion. This will disperse the smell around the room and stop the incessant shrill ringing. To minimize the offensive odor, you can spray air freshener or light a scented candle or an incense stick, but these will only mask the odor temporarily. But to get rid of the bad smell, you need to resort to more stringent measures. Try some of the methods listed below.

85.

86. Ways to Get Rid of Burnt Smell

87.

88. These tips are tried and tested ways of removing the burnt smell and freshening up the air in your home. While doing all this, it is advisable to switch off your air conditioning system for some time. Natural air can drive away the smell a lot faster and help circulate clean air all around the house.

89. Read more at Buzzle:

 

Библия

1. Ибо мы Христово благоухание Богу в спасаемых и в погибающих: для одних запах смертоносный на смерть, а для других запах живительный на жизнь. И кто способен к сему?(второе послание корифеям)

2. И в седьмой месяц, в первый день месяца, да будет у вас священное собрание; никакой работы не работайте; пусть будет это у вас день трубного звука; и приносите всесожжение в приятное благоухание Господу: одного тельца, одного овна, семь однолетних агнцев, без порока.

3. о, как много ласки твои лучше вина, и благовоние мастей твоих лучше всех ароматов!(книга песней соломона)

4. Сотовый мед каплет из уст твоих, невеста; мед и молоко под языком твоим, и благоухание одежды твоей подобно благоуханию Ливана! (книга песней соломона)

5. нард и шафран, аир и корица со всякими благовонными деревами, мирра и алой со всякими лучшими ароматами; садовый источник - колодезь живых вод и потоки с Ливана. (книга песней соломона)

6. От благовония мастей твоих имя твое - как разлитое миро; поэтому девицы любят тебя.(книга песней соломона)

7. Дым каждения Тебе приносим, Христе Боже наш, как аромат благоухания духовного, приняв которое в Свой Жертвенник, находящийся выше всех небес, ниспошли нам благодать Пресвятого Твоего Духа"

8. Воскурение ладана, фимиама - это древнейшая форма жертвы Богу. Благовония помещались на раскаленных углях, и дым их уходил под купол храма или в небо, унося с ароматом каждения и все просьбы человека, слезы, мольбы и благодарность Богу.

9. [Иоил 2:20] И пришедшего от севера удалю от вас, и изгоню в землю безводную и пустую, переднее полчище его — в море восточное, а заднее — в море западное, и пойдет от него зловоние, и поднимется от него смрад, так как он много наделал [зла].

10. [2 Мак. 9:8-12] И тот, который только что мнил по гордости, более нежели человеческой, повелевать волнам моря и думал на весах взвесить высоты гор, повержен был на землю и несен был на носилках, показуя всем явную силу Божию, так что из тела нечестивца во множестве выползали черви и еще у живого выпадали части тела от болезней и страданий; смрад же зловония от него невыносим был в целом войске.

11. И того, который незадолго перед тем мечтал касаться звезд небесных, никто не мог носить по причине невыносимого зловония.

12. Теперь — то, будучи сокрушен, начал он оставлять свое великое высокомерие и приходить в познание, когда по наказанию Божию страдания его усиливались с каждою минутою.

13. Сам не в силах сносить своего зловония, он так говорил: праведно покоряться Богу, и смертному не должно думать высокомерно быть равным Богу.

14. [Ис. 34:3] И убитые их будут разбросаны, и от трупов их поднимется смрад, и горы размокнут от крови их.

15. [Ам. 4:10] Посылал Я на вас моровую язву, подобную Египетской, убивал мечом юношей ваших, отводя коней в плен, так что смрад от станов ваших поднимался в ноздри ваши; и при всем том вы не обратились ко Мне, говорит Господь.

16. [Еккл. 10:1] Мертвые мухи портят и делают зловонною благовонную масть мироварника: то же делает небольшая глупость уважаемого человека с его мудростью и честью.

Классификация запахов Цваардемакера

 

Науке известны многочисленные попытки создать единую систему классификации запахов, охватывающую все их разнообразие. Одна из первых таких систем была разраб. в XVIII в. шведским ботаником-систематиком Карлом Линнеем как вспомогательное средство для классиф. растений; она включала семь категорий запахов. Но самая известная, вероятно, система была придумана голландским отоларингологом Хендриком Цваардемакером, к-рый представил переработанную и расширенную им схему Линнея в своей классической монографии «Физиология запаха», опубликованной в 1895 г. Система Цваардемакера отличалась от линнеевской: добавились 2 новых класса запахов и подразделение каждого класса на подклассы; она оставалась общепринятой даже в XX в. В этой широко применяемой системе запахи сгруппированы в 9 классов:

1) эфирные (напр., фруктовые и винные запахи);

2) ароматические (пряности, камфара);

3) бальзамические (цветочные запахи; ваниль);

4) амбромускусные (мускус, сандаловое дерево);

5) чесночные (чеснок, хлор);

6) пригорелые (жареный кофе, креозот);

7) псиные или каприловые (сыр, протухший жир);

8) отталкивающие (клопы, белладонна);

9) тошнотворные (фекалии, трупный запах).

Эфирные запахи

1.It has a bright and intense straw-yellow colour and a strong and winy fragrance with delicate vanilla hints.

2. Wine maker notes Distinguished by a bright ruby red color, tending t o garnet with age, and an intensely winy odour.

3. Floral fruity perfumes have flooded the market since mid 1990es, on the base of significant rejuvenation of perfume user audience, as a result of democratization of the industry.

4. It is a flirty, lively fruity fragrance that makes a woman feel smitten and irresistibly pretty.

5. Getting rid of the smell of acetone can be accomplished in a number of ways depending on what is causing the smell.

Ароматические запахи

1.This fragrance is based on the Damask-Classic, however, it is characterized by slightly strong, spicy fragrance.

2. I could not smell the camphor until I opened the safe, and then had to hold my breath because it was rather potent inside.

3. I woke up early smelling cinnamon and with pounding headache.

4 In addition to the many uses and benefits, research has found that simply smelling cinnamonhas its own benefits.

5. Apparently, flies hate the smell of cloves, and one way to keep them at bay when you're enjoying a backyard barbeque.

Бальзамические запахи

1. A rich, warm and intense car air freshener with vanilla scent opens this magnificent perfume oil, enticing your nose with its soft, golden depths.

2. Everyone else in the firm lost money in the real estate deal, but Bob came out smelling like a rose.

come out smelling like a rose- to succeed; to do better than anyone else in some situation.

3. Fresh tea intermingles with floral accords of jasmine and orange .

4. The fragrance then accelerates through meticulously tuned florals and spices, violet and geranium leaves, giving way to warm Mediterranean notes of cardamom and rosemary.

5. Little by little, the base notes of the scent develop their energy, woody-amber harmony mingling white moss, Tonka bean, red cedar and patchouli, leaving behind it a sensual, powerfully masculine scent of Latin seduction.

6. Awakening flameless candle spa scent. Invigorate your senses with an unexpected harmony of white peach and vanilla, pineapple and amber.

Амбромускусные запахи

Чесночные запахи

1.This house smells of onions. Her cooking always smells of entirely too much garlic.

2. If you go down to the woods this weekend, be ready for the unmistakable aroma of wild garlic.

3. When heated in air, arsenic oxidizes to arsenic trioxide; the fumes from this reaction have an odor resembling garlic.

4. Bromine smells like skunk odor mixed with super concentrated bleach. It has the horrible smell, and is very bleach-like.

Пригорелые запахи

1. Here are subtle aroma shifts that occur as coffee is roasted and you will quickly become aware of the noticeable differences.

2.

Каприловые запахи

1. You can tell from the smell that this milk has gone bad.

2. We just got back from Yellowstone. The thermal areas have the rotten egg smell, but it wasn't too bad.

3. By improving the function of the skin, the infrared treatments may eliminate the cause of offensive body odor.

4. Maybe you suffer from bad breath, body odor or even both.

5. If the chicken smells like yeast or simply smells rotten or decayed, then it has most likely gone bad.

 

 

Отталкивающие запахи

1.I smelled a rat the minute he came into the room — Как только он вошел в комнату, то я сразу почувствовал что-то неладное.

smell a rat- to suspect that something is wrong; to sense that someone has caused something wrong.

Перевод: идиома “smell a rat” переводится на русский язык как «почувствовать что-то неладное», «что-то не так», «догадываться», «подозревать», «казаться подозрительным», «чуять, где собака зарыта», «пахнуть подвохом».

Значение: эта идиома используется, когда человек подозревает что-то неладное или какой-либо обман. Эту идиому можно употреблять, когда вам говорят о чем-то, к чему вы относитесь с подозрением и ожидаете какой-либо подвох или обман.

Происхождение: свое происхождение “smell a rat” берет с охотничьих собак, которых пускали в дом для того чтобы вылавливать крыс. Так вот, когда эти собаки чуяли запах крыс, хозяева точно знали, что здесь что-то неладное!

2. Lefty was surrounded, and you could tell that the guys from the other gang smelled blood. The lawyer heard the crash and came running—smelling blood and bucks.

smell blood - to be ready for a fight; to be ready to attack; to be ready to act. (Like sharks, which are sent into a frenzy by the smell of blood.)

3. "He wants to do all the housework for you? That smells fishy to me!"

it smells fishy – нечто подозрительное, вызывающее сомнения и настороженность

smell fishy - to seem suspicious. Barlowe squinted a bit. Something smells fishy here, he thought. something about the deal smelled fishy—too good to be true.

4. Millions of stink bugs are emerging from their hibernation, a sign of spring that strikes fear into the hearts of farmers across the US.

5. In a slum of some 50 or so houses, wedged between a main road and a railway, backing onto a green fetid swamp full of mosquito larvae, Parbhatti Devi told me that she had lived here all her life.

6. But a short drive up the road - past the burnt-out squares that were once their homes - some 4,000 Rohingya Muslims live crammed together on a fetid pile of mud, surrounded by streams of water filled with sewage, our correspondent adds.

Тошнотворные запахи

1.Instead of a lovely scent wafting to our nose, they send the scent of rotting flesh, strong enough to make some vomit.

2. The stink of sulfur can be very difficult to remove from clothing, even with repeated washing and airing out.

3. Civic authorities in India's Bihar state have dumped heaps of stinking garbage outside a shopping complex to penalise its owner for evading taxes.

4. If the wind is just right you can smell them even before you drive up to the stinky geysers.

5. A foul odor will rise from the dead bodies.

 

 

 








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