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The System of Tenses. Active Voice.Профессионально-ориентированные тексты и лексико-грамматические контрольные работы UNIT 1 THE WORK OF A CUSTOMS OFFICER What is the English for «таможня», «таможенник»?
customs [kΛst∂mz] - import duties;
the Customs - the department of government that collects import duties. It has other functions too.
Zone Customs Enclosure - office/place where passengers, cargo, transport Hallcomplete formalities and wait to be released from Warehousecustoms control; Check point
a customs officer - a person who works for the Customs;
the Russian Customs Academy - a high educational institution where young people study to qualify for the work at the Customs
* * * a custom - a tradition; a customer - a client; “A customer is always right.”
Text
- examinepassengers and their baggage at airports and sea ports; - clear cargo and transportat check-points and warehouses; - process documents and collect duties; - interdict the traffic of smuggling; Customs officers use a wide range of tools and technology, such as computers, metal detectors, X-ray machines and scanners. There are also canine enforcement teams where dogs are trained to detect narcotics, explosives and currency. Thousands of passengers pass through international airports every day. Many of them are questioned, some are searched and some are charged or punished with penalties if they break laws. This work requires attention and concentration and sometimes intuition. Travelers are often tired or upset and they can be difficult to deal with. To act with courtesy and diplomacy at all times and stay calm however provoked is an important part of the job. The Customs Service involves law enforcement, and staff must display the highest personal and professional conduct in fulfilling their duties. Team work is essential to successful operation of all departments of the Customs, therefore Customs officers cooperate with other law enforcement agencies such as the Police, Border guards, Tax Police, Federal Security Bureau (FSB), etc. There are career prospects within the Customs where staff can work at different areas of the organization to learn more and to move to another level.
Working on the text Ex. 1 Read and translate the text Ex.2Find the word with the most general meaning in each line: 1) contract, certificate, license, document, declaration 2) computer, telephone, equipment, fax-machine, Xerox 3) control, examine, inspect, check 4) terminal, station, port of entry, airport 5) suitcase, rucksack, handbag, box, baggage 6) camera, X-ray machine, technology, metal detector, fiberscope 7) transport, aircraft, train, truck, ship 8) duty, payment, penalty, fine, tax 9) passenger, customer, broker, trader 10) ask, answer, explain, consult, inform, communicate Ex. 3 Put the words into the correct column according to the pronunciation.
search, charge, punish, technology, machine, shifts, check, professional, technique , merchandise, commercial, chemicals
Ex.4 a) Mark the stress in the Russian words and compare it with the English words. Tick the pairs of words with different stressed syllables. officer passenger academy baggage metal control document uniform contraband competent police b) Read the English words again.
офицер пассажир академия багаж металл контроль документ униформа контрабанда компетентный полиция
Ex.5Give the English equivalents of the following: таможенник; форма; законы и правила; пошлины; контрабанда; технические средства; валюта; штраф; правоохранительная деятельность; перспектива; таможенный пост; персонал; взрывчатые вещества; кинологическое подразделение
Ex. 6 Find in the text the synonyms to the following words:
- to check - contraband - goods - a fine - department - to inspect - employees - passenger
Ex. 7 Find in the text the words that may follow these verbs:
- to work - to deal with - to use - to be able to - to act - to be involved in
Ex. 8 Match to make words and word combinations
work team multi over law check
enforcement time point areas skilled work
Ex.9Put the words in the correct order.
1) they/ uniform/ always/ wear. 2) don’t/ English/ speak/ at work/ I. 3) he/ abroad/ on business trips/ goes/ often. 4) passenger’s baggage/ customs/examine/ officers. 5) contraband/ find/ we/ sometimes. 6) with/am/ polite/ customers/ I/ always. 7) you/ do/ computer/ special/ use/ programs? 8) like/ outdoors/ doesn’t/ to work/ she. 9) on the night shift/ do/ work/ you/ often? 10) work/ machine/ doesn’t/ X-ray/ this. 11) passengers/ customs/ through/ pass/ always/ control. 12) help/ to detect/ drugs/ dogs. 13) check-point/ modern/ our/ got/ computers/ has. 14) assesses/ department/ that/ duties/ and/ collects. 15) business/ customs officers/ health/ protect/ public/ and.
Ex. 10Answer the questions:
1. Where do customs officers work? 2. Do customs officers work indoors or outdoors? 3. Do customs officers work in shifts or overtime? 4. Do they wear uniform? 5. What do they deal with? 6. What tools and technologies do they use? 7. What are customs officers’ responsibilities? 8. Do they have to meet a lot of people? What people? 9. Does the job require any special skills or traits of character? 10. Does the Customs cooperate with any other state bodies? Ex.11Translate the sentences from Russian into English
Ex. 12Speak about the profession of a customs officer. Use the vocabulary ofthe unit.
Ex.13 Make a story about your job.
Grammar The System of Tenses. Active Voice. Ex.1Find examples of the tense forms in the text. Ex. 2Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form. 1. Most officers (to ear) uniform and (to work) closely with the public. 2. Last year he (to work) in shifts and often overtime. 3. As soon as the customs officer (to process) the documents he (to start) clearing the cargo. 4. Customs officers always (to use) a wide range of tools and technology. 5. We (to have) canine team inspection if we (to suspect) contraband in the container. 6. This work (to require) attention and concentration. 7. He (to work) as a customs inspector for five years and he just (to move) to another level. 8. He (to clear) her luggage before you (to come). 9. By the time the cargo (to cross) the border the customs authorities (to prepare) already all the necessary documents.
Ex. 3 Translate the sentences into English:
1. Сотрудники таможни только что досмотрели весь багаж пассажиров. 2. Он говорит, что они оформили все документы на груз к прошлому понедельнику. 3. Если документы для оформления груза в порядке, сотрудник таможни подпишет их и поставит дату. 4. Обычно сотрудники этого таможенного поста работают посменно. 5. Пока досмотровая кинологическая группа проверяла контейнер, начальник группы изучал документы. 6. Таможенник спросил пассажира о цели его визита. 7. Как долго вы работаете в таможенной службе? 8. Завтра в 10 часов утра мы будем оформлять этот груз. 9. К отправке судна таможенники закончат досмотр пассажиров и грузов.
VOCABULARY
UNIT 2 CUSTOMS AREAS Text The customs areas include the following: Duty collection The assessment and collection of duties and taxes have always been one of the main functions of the customs service. In fact, collection of the revenue is the responsibility with which the customs usually started. Throughout its history the customs has supplied the federal budget with the revenue necessary for investment in the economy and in the country’s basic infrastructure, i.e. new schools, roads, hospitals.
Classification Merchandise classification is the foundation on which duty collection occurs. All goods entering the country should be classified by use of the established numerical coding system. Most countries are now adopting the Harmonized System of Classification which, in case of uniform application, can help improve the classification of goods and prevent losses of duty collection.
Appraisement Cargo shipments entering the country are to be supplied with the necessary documents, for example, commercial invoices. This cargo declaration is a basis for goods valuation. Undervaluation can result in underpayment of duties.
Passenger inspection Effective passenger and baggage control is necessary to collect proper duty and to prevent smuggling. Baggage is checked for concealment by X-ray or opening it.
Cargo inspection Cargo shipments are to be inspected for duty collection and anti-smuggling purposes. Various inspectional techniques and devices can help release merchandise quicker, with less damage and also result in increased seizures of prohibited items.
Free trade zones In order to encourage the development of the country and to promote its foreign trade free trade zones are usually set up. “A free zone” is a part of the territory which is regarded as being outside the Customs territory, and goods introduced into this part of the territory are not subject to the usual Customs control. Relief from import duties and taxes in respect of these goods is granted. The Customs carries out certain control within the free zone to ensure that the operations are in accordance with the Customs regulations.
Bonded warehouses Importers usually have to pay duties to the government when they import goods. They declare goods and customs officials collect duties. When the importer doesn’t pay the duty immediately, the goods are stored in a bonded warehouse. The importer has to pay storage charges (cost of keeping the goods in the warehouse). The goods cannot be taken out of the warehouse until the importer pays the duties.
Canine enforcement Use of dogs specially trained to smell drugs helps expedite customs examination process with less damage than some more traditional methods of inspection may cause.
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Customs officers are multi-skilled and can move through different work areas. Some work areas involve working in shifts or overtime, indoorsor outdoors. Most officers wear uniform and work closely with public. Customs officers must be competent and correctly apply customs laws and regulations when they: