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Ex. 78. Some of the following sentences contain dangling participles. Find the sentences that do contain dangling participles.





1. a) Stuck in the mud, Tim could see a man waving.

b) Stuck in the mud, the man tried to free himself.

c) Stuck in the mud, the man called for help.

d) Stuck in the mud, the rescue services rushed to the man's assistance.

 

2. a) Soaring high above the fields, the eagle is a majestic bird.

b) Soaring high above the fields, we could see the eagle clearly.

c) Soaring high above the fields, the eagle can spot its prey easily.

d) Soaring high above the fields, we watched the eagles for hours.

 

3. a) With every limb aching, the runner crossed the line.

b) With every limb aching, he finished the race just ahead of his rival.

c) With every limb aching, the crowd roared him towards the finish line.

d) With every limb aching, the spectators cheered as he crossed the line.

 

4. a) Rushing to catch the bus, the old man slipped and fell.

b) Rushing to catch the bus, the old man's wallet fell out of his pocket.

c) Rushing to catch the bus, the old man's face was covered in sweat.

d) Rushing to catch the bus, the old man cursed his advancing years.

 

5. a) Having finished my homework, dad said I could go out.

b) Having finished my homework, my sister wanted me to play football with her.

c) Having finished my homework, I could relax and watch the television.

d) Having finished my homework, mum was very pleased with me.

 

6. a) Sizzling on the barbecue, I waited to eat the sausages.

b) Sizzling on the barbecue, the sausages looked delicious.

c) Sizzling on the barbecue, we watched the sausages cooking.

d) Sizzling on the barbecue, my uncle smelled the delicious sausages.

 

7. a) Giving an important speech, the chairman made a number of grammatical errors.

b) Giving an important speech, we couldn't help laughing at the chairman's grammatical errors.

c) Giving an important speech, the building was full of the chairman's supporters.

d) Giving an important speech, the chairman began to shake uncontrollably.



 

8. a) Exploding in bright colours, the crowd loved the fireworks.

b) Exploding in bright colours, the rockets looked beautiful.

c) Exploding in bright colours, everyone cheered as the fireworks went off.

d) Exploding in bright colours, the fireworks lit up the night.

 

Ex. 79. What would you say if you were …

– an excellent student? – a lazy bones? – a teacher? – a heavy smoker? – a hockey fan? – the dean? – the prime minister?

E.g. An excellent student: A) I’d rather not sleep at night at all than (to) go to University with the report unprepared. I’ll read much of English this night even if allowed not to do it.

 

Ex. 80. Write a report on the latest events in the world. Use in your report: The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction, The Nominative Absolute Construction, The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction, The Prepositional Absolute Construction, The Complex Object with the Infinitive, The Complex Subject with the Infinitive, The Complex Object with the Participle, The Complex Subject with the Participle, The For-Infinitive Construction, Gerundial and Half-gerundial Constructions.

 

Ex. 81. Read the text. Pay attention to the Absolute Constructions. Invent an ending of the horror story using Absolute Constructions.

AT THE RE-EXAMINATION

Mary takes her seat, a crumpled sheet of paper in her hand, her stomach pulling nervously. She wills herself not to panic. Across the aisle from her sits Ann. She must have flunked her exam too, last year. She is sitting trembling, her fingers gripping a broken pencil, her brow furrowed, her mouth pinched. …………………………………. .

 

Ex. 82. Define the verbals and state their functions. Translate into Russian.

1. I have other fish to fry. (Latin proverb) 2. What one knows is sometimes useful to forget. 3. It is not enough to run, one must start in time. (French proverb) 4. There was nothing to be astonished at. 5. A rose too often smelled loses its fragrance. (Spanish proverb) 6. Smoke does not make a pot boil. (Turkish proverb) 7. This was not the matter to be easily agreed upon. 8. To run away is not glorious, but very healthy. 9. A penny saved is a penny gained. (Scottish proverb) 10. Mixed with snow they started walking. 11. I am a great thinker with nothing to think about. 12. Uttering a word is like striking a note on the keyboard of the imagination. (Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher) 13. The door banged open without being rapped on. 14. She did most of the talking, if not all of it. 15. And another thing. We can’t have everybody talking at once. 16. I don’t think it’s nice to be funny about a matter like this. 17. To have thought this made him more cheerful. 18. Style being a relational concept, the aim of literary stylistics is to be relational in a more interesting sense than that already mentioned. 19. It’s a mistake to take sides. 20. The only way of the dilemma is to suppose that sometimes the photon gets through and sometimes it does not.



 

Ex. 83. Define the verbals and state their functions. Translate into Russian.

1. They are too big to fly, that’s the trouble. 2. The highest purpose is to have no purpose at all. 3. There being little reality to set forth the surrealist twists of action, it becomes for the most part a farce. 4. I shuddered to think how big the bill would be. 5. There is no escaping the fact that the government has become very unpopular. 6. The surest way to remain poor is to be an honest man. (French proverb) 7. Money lent is an enemy made. (Portuguese proverb) 8. A decade later, at the EU Luxembourg summit, Turkey watched several former communist countries jump the queue, while it was not even considered to be a candidate for accession. 9. But they all went on watching him and waiting for him to speak and at last he seemed to reach some conclusion. 10. Please note: The wolf in this story was a metaphorical construct. No actual wolves were harmed in the writing of the story. 11. Read enough of this stuff and you are likely to end up wondering whether American dialects exist at all. 12. In life as in language, it does not pay to confuse style with substance, or the right accent with right thinking. 13. Sir Stanley Matthews, born in Hanley in 1915, is the first footballer to have been knighted while still player; a brilliant outside-right, he became known as “the wizard of dribble.” 14. People in the street turned round to look at me. 15. To do nothing is sometimes a good remedy. (Hippocrates) 16. Your suggestion was so stupid as to be risible. 17. Most chaiwallahs (tea-makers) bustle about in their stalls seven days a week for 12 to 14 hours, starting as early as four in the morning. 18. That new restaurant is the place to go now. 19. You’ll impress the boss by being the first one in and the last to leave. 20. They seemed underwhelmed by this new evidence of my genius.



 

Ex. 84. Define the verbals and state their functions. Translate into Russian.

1. Those drinking to forget please pay in advance. 2. It’s time to get a bit of shut-eye.3. Captain Clarence Drum came swinging by, splendid in khaki.4. It’s Christmas, and it’s not a crime to want to go to a party.5. I woke to hear the rain lashing the window panes. 6. I take the expression back. Consider it erased. 7. Then he hurried to Liverpool only to learn that the ship had already gone. 8. The only sound to break the silence was that of Hagrid hiccupping behind his handkerchief. 9. The wailing grew in intensity, but none of the demons paid it any attention. 10. A penny saved is a penny gained. 11. You seem to have been waiting for us to come. 12. They awoke to the danger of the situation too late to do anything about it. 13. Soapy, having decided to go to the Island, at once set about accomplishing his desire. 14. It really turns me off to see women smoking. 15. Langdon fought to focus his thoughts, but the situation was too bizarre to grasp rationally. 16. But of course the place to be in was the kitchen. 17. The tyrannosaurus lurched toward the playground and the earth shuddered under our stomachs. Its shadow dwarfed the trees, and I could see the reflection of its spiny back receding on the glass wall as it stalked across the road between the museum and the playground, hunched forward, its black eyes sweeping the space at its feet. 18. As they approached the end of the hall, the rumble became almost deafening, vibrating up through Langdon’s soles. 19. Mr Weasley burst into the living room, his bald patch gleaming with sweat, his spectacles askew, Fred right behind him, both pale but uninjured. 20. It was a sound to remember.

 

 








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