Сделай Сам Свою Работу на 5

MATCH THE FOLLOWING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH THEIR MEANINGS. THEN GIVE THEIR EQUIVALENT IN YOUR MOTHER TONGUE AND PROVE YOU UNDERSTAND THE MEANING OF THEM.





1) a dark horse –c (a person about whom no one knows anything definite) (белгисиз,тыныш,туйык адам)

2) a bull in a china shop –j (a clumsy person, very awkward) (шошандак адам)

3) a white elephant –h (a valuable object which involves great expense or trouble for its owner) (кымбат,пайдасыз нарсе) (пайдасы тимеу)

4) the green-eyed monster –f (to be jealous or feel envy) (кызганшак адам)

5) to let the cat out of the bag –g (to let some secret become known) (аузы ашык адам)

6) to bark up the wrong tree- d (to look for smb or smth in a wrong place)

7) to cut somebody dead –b (to rudely ignore smb, to pretent not to know or recognize) (ман бермеу)

8) to drop a brick –I (to say unintentionally a quite indiscreet or tactless thing shocks and offends people) (байкаусызда адам ренжитин создер айтып калу)

9) to wash someone’s dirty linen in public –e (to talk about unpleasant or personal matters in front of other people) (артынан сойлеу)

10) to be in the soup –a (to be in trouble) (тыгырыкка тирелу)

COMMENT ON THE GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF HOMONYMS AND COMPARE THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES WITH THE TYPE:

1) night-knight, piece-peace, sent-cent, rite-write ( the same in sound but different in spelling) -homophones

2) lead-lead, sewer-sewer, tear-tear, wind-wind ( different in sound but same in spelling) -homograps

3) ball-ball, bank-bank, rose-rose, back-back (the same in spelling and sound) –homonyms proper

DEFINE THE RESULTS OF SEMANTIC CHANGE FROM DENOTATIONAL AND CONNOTATIONAL POINTS OF VIEW. MATCH THE CHANGE OF WORD MEANING WITH THEIR EQUIVALENTS, SUPPLY WITH YOUR OWN EXAMPLES.1) generalization of meaning –a,d,i (extension, widening. common use)

2) specialization of meaning – c,e (for definite purpose, narrowing)

3) pejoration of meaning –b, h (degradation, worse in the course of time)



4) amelioration of meaning –f,g (elevation, better in the course of time

EXPLAIN THE MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS AND SAY IF THE EQUIVALENTS THE SAME OR DIFFERENT IN YOUR MOTHER TONGUE.

1) play cats and dogs- having the character of the proverbial antagonism of dogs and cats (мінезі ауыр адам)

2) to lose one’s heart – to fall in love with sb/sth (биреуге гашык болу)

3) a wolf in sheep’s clothing – a person who seems to be friendly or harmless but is really an enemy (жаксы болып корину, бирак ондай адам емес)

4) to skate in thin ice- to take a risk

5) to look a gift horse in the mouth – to refuse or criticize sth that is given to you for nothing (usually negative)

48 )CHOOSE THE BEST SUITABLE FUNCTIONS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS FROM THE FOLLOWING LIST AND COMMENT ON THEM:

• tints and colours of the vocabulary
• the most colourful; units
• the most democratic area of vocabulary
• more emotional
• ready-made
• degree of semantic change may vary in it
• is used in transferred meaning

Answer:

The most colourful; units

Ready-made

Is used in transferred meaning

READ THE FOLLOWING PROVERBS. GIVE THEIR EQUIVALENTS IN YOUR MOTHER TONGUE OR EXPLAIN THEIR MEANINGS.

1)A bargain is a bargain.
2) A cat in gloves catches no mice.
3) Those who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.
4) A good beginning ic half the battle. A new broom sweeps clean.
5) An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.
6) It never rains but it pours.
7) Don’t look a gift in the mouth.
8) Makehellwhilethesunshines.

ANSWER:

1) A bargain is a bargain. - an agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each; "he made a bargain with the devil"; "he rose to prominence through a series of shady deals"



 

2) A cat in gloves catches no mice. - Sometimes you cannot get what you want by being careful and polite;

 

3) Those who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones. - This means that you should not criticize other people for bad qualities in their character that you have yourself.

 

4) A good beginning is half the battle. A new broom sweeps clean. – It means the beginning is only half of the work

 

5) An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. - is a Chinese proverb with long standing. A day starts in the morning. After a sufficient sleep at the previous night, people are generally energetic and quick in thinking. For the hard-working Chinese, the proverb is to encourage people to make full use of their time to work and study.

 

6) It never rains but it pours. - Good (or bad) things do not just happen a few at a time, but in large numbers all at once.

 

7) Don’t look a gift in the mouth. - Do not unappreciatively question a gift or handout too closely

SPEAK ON THE WAYS OF FORMATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CLASSIFICATION OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN COMPARISON WITH OTHER LANGUAGES. MATCH THE CLASSIFICATION TYPES OF THE PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS ACCORDING TO THE SEMANTIC, STRUCTURAL AND THEMATIC PRINCIPLES. THERE ARE SOME VARIANTS WHICH ARE EXTRA.

1) Classification of A.V.Koonin
2) Classification of V.V.Vinogradov
3) Classification of A.I.Smirnitsky
4) Classification of L.P.Smith
5) Classification of I.V.Arnold

a) One-top and two-top phraseological units
b) Thematic or etymological
c) Synonomyc and antonomyc
d) Fusions, collocations, unities
e) Verbal, adverbial, noun, adjectival
f) Meaningful, borrowed, dialectal
g) Nominative, communicative, nominative-communicative, interjectional
h) Evaluative, emotional, stylistic

ANSWER:

Classification of A.V.Koonin –g)

Classification of V.V.Vinogradov - d)

Classification of A.I.Smirnitsky –a)

Classification of L.P.Smith –b)

Classification of I.V.Arnold - e)

STATE OUT THE ORIGIN OF THE FOLLOWING TRANSLATION-LOANS. THEN GIVE THE REASONS OF BORROWINGS ACCORDING TO THEIR IMPORTANCE.

Five- -year plan, wonder child, masterpiece, first dancer, collective farm, fellow-traveller.

Answer:

Five- -year plan -russian, wonder child- german, masterpiece-italian, first dancer-italian, collective farm-russian, fellow-traveller-french.

 

THERE ARE GIVEN ONE OF THE WAYS OF FORMING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS. WHAT WAY IS IT AND EXPLAIN OR PROVE YOUR VERSION.

Sad sack, culture-vulture, fudge and nudge, walkie-talkie.

ANSWER:
Sad sack, culture-vulture, fudge and nudge, walkie-talkie. By means of alliteration



53) GIVE POSSIBLE DEFINITION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD, THEN, GIVE THE DIFFERENCES IN THEIR STYLISTIC TYPE OF THE LEXEMS BELONGING TO THE SEMANTIC FIELD OF “MADNESS”. MATCH THE LEXEMES WITH THE CATEGORIES:

1) Literary, academic or technical in character
2) Colloquialisms
3) Dated or archaic
4) Relatively recent in origin
5) Stylistically neutral

a) Neurotic, psychotic, schizophrenic, maladjusted, unbalanced
b) Insane of unsound mind, not in full possession of one’s faculties, possessed
c) Demented, unhinged, mental, non compos mentis
d) Barmy, cuckoo, gaga, batty, potty, loony, daft, crazy, nuts
e) Bananas, bonkers, crackers, round the bend, off one’s chump

ANSWER:
1) Literary, academic or technical in character -b

Colloquialisms -d

Dated or archaic -c

Relatively recent in origin - a

Stylistically neutral -e

 

54) GIVE POSSIBLE DEFINITION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE SYNONYM. MATCH THE LEXEMES WITH THE DIFFERENCES:

1) A dialect difference
2) A stylistic difference
3) A collocational differences
4) A difference of emotional feeling or connotation

a) insane and loony, salt and sodium chloride
b) autumn ad fall, sandwich and butty
c) rancid and rotten, butter and bacon, kingly and royal
d) youth and youngster, enough and sufficient

ANSWER:
1) A dialect difference -b

A stylistic difference- a

A collocational differences -c

A difference of emotional feeling or connotation -d

 

YOU HAVE ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT ANTONYMS AND TYPES OF IT. THE FOLLOWING GROUP OF WORDS DO NOT BELONG TO THE TYPES OF ANTONYMS WE HAVE DISCUSSED AT ALL, BUT THEY ARE OPPOSITES. YOUR TASK IS TO EXPLAIN WHAT ARE THEY AND MATCH THE EXAMPLES WITH THE TYPES OF OPPOSITES.

1) Gradable antonyms
2) Complementary antonyms
3) Mixed antonyms
4) Conversness

a) Kind-cruel-unkind, wise-stupid-silly-unwise, active-passive-inactive
b) Large-small, happy-sad, wet-dry
c) Single-married, first-last, alive-dead
d) Over-under, buy-sell, wife-husband

ANSWER:

Gradable antonyms -b

Complementary antonyms -c

Mixed antonyms -a

Conversness -d

 

 








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