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RUSSIA REVIVES USE OF HERALDRYIn a move to restore some of the emblems and trappings of pre-revolutionurytimes State Heraldry Service, abolished in 1917, has been recently revived in Russia by a special decree on the reconstitution of the service, signed by the President. Georgy Velinkhabov, deputy director of the St. Petersburg Hermitage museum was appointed an official state herald to run it. The main function of the new service would be to create new or restore old emblems and symbols for official use – flags, medals, uniforms and badges. Many of the old familiar symbols will soon be replaced by traditional Russian symbols from pre-revolutionary times, chosen by the heraldry service. But some Soviet symbols will remain. “We don’t want to discard the past achievements in heraldry,” Velinkhabov said in an interview. The first Russian State Heraldry Department was set up by Peter the Great in 1722. By 1917 it had created 5,000 coats of arms. The new service will oversee the creation of official emblems for all civil and military institutions. That was probably one of the reasons why Britain’s Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh in June 2003 invited V. Putin, the president of Russia to London. He was the first Russian head of state in 80 years (after Nicolas II) who was personally invited by the British Crown.
Note: heraldry– геральдика, гербоведениe
Упражнение VII.Переведите предложения на русский язык (абсолютный причастный оборот) 1. No survivors beingleft, the exact cause which led to the accident will probably never be known. 2. The conference (being) over, the delegates made a tour of the city. 3. In London there are a lot of museums, the largest being the British Museum. 4. Newspapers being a big business, the views of newspapers owners are the views of Big Business. 5. The delegates were equally divided between whites and blacks, a third of them being youth. 6. In 1689 Peter I ascended the throne, and in 1703 he created St. Petersburg, the new capital, he himself talking the title of Emperor. 7. He thought at first that she hadn’t heard the question. She set so very still, with her eyes cast down. Упражнение VIII.Переведите текст с листа. A number of historic buildings were knocked down in 1929 to make room for theMilitary School. These were the Convent of Ascension (Vosnesensky Monastery) foundedin 1393 by Grand Duchess Yevdokiya,widow ofDmitry Donskoy. Many daughters of the royal family were forced to take vows here, as for centuries there were no foreign Orthodox rulers whom they could wed, and none of them could marry a man of other faith. The widows of the Moscow dukes among them Yevdokiya herself, withdrew to the Ascension Convent. There were buried Yevdokiya, Sofya Paleoloque (wife of Ivan III),Yelena Glinskaya (mother of Ivan the Terrible) and Natalya Narishkina (mother of Peter the Great), their remains were transferred to the Archangel Cathedral after 1929. And next to the Saviour gate stood the striking Gothic Church of St. Catherine built to the designs of Carlo Rossi in 1809 – 17. Further on stood the Monastery of the Miracles, founded in 1358 on what was said to have been land occupied by the embassy of the Golden Horde. Tsar Vastly Shuyski was forced to enter the monastery after he had been deposed, and two years later Patriarch Hermogenes starved to death here while in Polish captivity. An other famous Patriarch — Nikon – was deposed by a church council which met here in 1667. Two Russian Emperors – Peter and Alexander II were baptized in the Monastery of the Miracles. The final building destroyed in 1929 to make room for the Military School was the Small Nicholas Palace, a fine classical structure built by Kazakov.
ПЕРЕВОДЧЕСКИЙ КОММЕНТАРИЙ Независимый причастный оборот All the delegates objecting, the resolution was changed. All the delegates objecting – независимый причастный оборот, в котором имеется свое подлежащее (all the delegates), а причастие выполняет роль сказуемого (свое сказуемое). По значению этот оборот соответствует придаточному или самостоятельному предложению.
Так как все делегаты возражали, резолюция была изменена.
The treaty between the two countries was done in two languages, both text being equally valid. Договор между двумя странами составлен на двух языках. Оба текста имеют одинаковую силу.
На письме независимый причастный оборот выделяется запятой. Значение независимого причастного оборота в каждом конкретном случае определяется контекстом.
Урок 15 (Оружейная палата) Словарь Armoury (Palace) Оружейная палата (Кремля) arms and armour оружие и доспехи Diamond Fund Алмазный фонд to decorate with украшать чем-л. syn. to adorn with to adorn oneself with украситься syn. to trim with (flowers, fur: отделывать чем-л. (цветами мехом: соболем, норкой) sablе, mink, etc.) lavishly decorated украшенный щедро elaborately decorated украшенный искусно (тонкая работа) richly decorated украшенный богато to embroider украшать вышивкой to inlay (inlaid) with (filigree, инкрустировать (филигранью, слоновой костью ivory, gold) золотом) jeweller ювелир jewellery, jewelry ювелирные изделия nugget n. самородок (золота) precious stones (diamonds, драгоценные камни emeralds, rubies, sapphires) (алмазы, изумруды, рубины, сапфиры) gem драгоценный камень rare gem редкостный камень monarchy п. монархия monarch п. монарх silverware п. столовое серебро silver dish серебряное блюдо dishes n., pl. посуда syn. vessels п., pl. drinking vessels посуда для питья wine glass рюмка tankard высокая пивная кружка goblet бокал chalice кубок scoop ковш loving cup круговая чаша crystal jug хрустальный кувшин Crown, Sceptre and Orb корона, скипетр и держава (символы власти, регалии монарха) to date back to the 12C относиться еще к 12 веку date from the mid-18C начиная с середины 18 века to the present до настоящего времени abundance n. изобилие workshop п. мастерская necklace п. ожерелье marble п., а. мрамор, мраморный Faberge Easter eggs пасхальные яйца Фаберже
УПРАЖНЕНИЯ Упражнение I. Переведите по абзацам с листа с предварительным чтением абзаца вслух. Затем переведите эти абзацы под диктовку Текст 1 The Armoury Palace was built between the Great Kremlin Palace and the Kremlin wall by Konstantin Thon in 1884 – 51. It houses the oldest and the richest museum in Russia. A white marble staircase leads to the first floor. On the landing at the top hangs a painting by R. Sverichkov of the “White Stone Kremlin” of the time of Ivan IV. Room 1 houses arms and armour of the 13C – 18C. Among them is the armour of Boris Godunov. Each piece of his armour is inscribed with the words “God is with us, no one is against us.” There are the sabres of Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky, who led the Russian forces to final victory during the “Time of Troubles” of the early I7C. The helmet of Tsar Mikhail, which by tradition originally belonged to Alexander Nevsky, was restored in 1621 and inlaid with gold filigree and adorned with diamonds, emeralds and rubies. Here is also a basrelief of Peter the Great by Rastrelli and the golden keys of the Baltic City of Riga presented to Field-Marshal Count В. Р. Sheremetyev after he captured the town in 1710. There are West European arms and armour of the 18C – 19С, but the central place is given to the work of Tula craftsmen. * * * On display in Room 2 is Russian gold and silver of the 12C – 17C. The central place is given to silver work from Ryazan which dates back to the 12C – 13C. It is remarkable for abundance of precious stones. Also of interest is the 12C silver chalice which was commissioned by Prince Yury Dolgoruky, the founder of Moscow. The round gold dish with a fine border given by Ivan IV as a wedding present to his second wife is in Room 2. The dish was used to carry the bride’s head-dress. Here is also the so called “measure icon” for Tsarevich Ivan, son of Ivan IV. When a Tsarevich was born a “measure icon” of the saint after whom he had been named was made to the same length as the infant, hence the name of the icon. There are also in Room 2 gold and silver drinking vessels in the traditional Russian style. The graceful lavishly decorated swan-shaped scoop traditionally used for mead. Such scoops were sometimes presented as rewards for loyal service to the Tsar. The other traditional Russian vessel is the “bratina”, the English call it loving cup. It is passed at gatherings from one person to the next; several of these are on display. *** On display in Room 3 is late 19C work by leading jewellery firms, including those of Sazikov and Ovchinnikov and Faberge. Gustav Faberge (b. 1814 – d. 93) established the firm in St. Petersburg in 1842, and the family tradition was developed by his son Carl (1846 – 1920). Included in the collection are several of the celebrated Faberge Easter eggs. The Greek-style silver samovar (tea urn) was one of the first made in Russia. The two small silver crowns are said to be those used at the wedding ceremony of the poet Alexander Pushkin and Natalya Goncharova in 1831. * * * On display in Room 4 are vestments and fabrics of the 14C – 19C. The light blue and silver ceremonial robe made in 1322 for the first Metropolitan of Moscow, Peter. Patriarch Nikon’s ceremonial vestment was made in 1654 of Venetian velvet and lavishly adorned with gold embroidery and precious stones. It weighs 24 kg. Among the treasures displayed in the other rooms are sets of superb silverware, all kinds of drinking vessels: tankards, wine jugs with elaborate spouts and handles, crystal and gold goblets, ivory inlaid thrones, state regalia, luxuriously embroidered clothing, elaborately decorated carriages and coaches, harnesses and saddles. * * * The Armoury has a permanent exhibition known as the Diamond Fund. On display are such attributes of Tsarist power as the Crown. Sceptre and Orb. There are also rare gems, antique jewellery, and the world’s biggest gold nugget, the so called Big Triangle, weighing 3.6 kg.
Упражнение II.Прочтите вслух слова и словосочетания и дайте их русские эквиваленты: Gold embroidery, arms and armour, abundance of preciousstones, vestments and fabrics, ceremonial robe, sabres, a round silver dish with fine border, wedding present, lavishly decorated scoop, head-dress, celebrated Easter eggs by Faberge, to be on display, to house, to trim with sable, monarchy, workshop, inlaid with ivory, nugget, gems, to commission, crystal jug, tankard, loving cup, Crown, Sceptre and Orb, Monarch, Peter I, marble staircase, origin, elaborately decorated, embroider, diamonds, emeralds, rubies, pearls, superb silverware, luxurious.
Упражнение III.Дайте английские эквиваленты: В зале 1 находятся, белая мраморная лестница, инкрустировать слоновой костью, отделывать мехом, по традиции, первоначально принадлежать, барельеф Петра I, ювелирные изделия, самородок золота, комплект превосходного столового серебра, ожерелье, пивная кружка с ручкой тонкой работы, серебряное блюдо с прекрасным ободком, хрустальный кувшин, большое количество драгоценных камней, серебряный кубок, ведущие ювелирные фирмы, вельвет, ювелир, одежда с богатой вышивкой, весить 24 кг.
One should weigh the pros and cons of it.
Упражнение IV.Переведите по абзацам с листа с предварительным чтением абзаца вслух. Затем переведите эти абзацы под диктовку. Текст 2 Room 5 of the Armoury displays Western gold and silverю Most of these items were brought to Russia as ambassadorial gifts and are arranged according to the country of origin. One of the finest collections in the world is English silver of the 16C – 17C. Diplomatic and trade links were established between Russia and England in the 1550s and a considerable amount of superb silverware was brought to Russia in the decades that followed (much of the silver that remained in Britain was melted down after the victory of Oliver Cromwell). The silver dish on an engraved stand is the earliest piece of the collection; it dates from 1558 and must have been brought to Ivan IV. The silver flask decorated with two lion’s heads was presented to Boris Godunov by King James I in 1604.The two tankards inthe formofsnow leopards were made in 1600 and brought to Russia in 1629. The few wine jugs with dragon-shaped spouts and snake handles date from the same period. * ** Next comes the 17C Dutch work. Trade with Holland began in 1646, and the first Dutch mission brought the set of five round silver plates. The oldest article is the vessel in the shape of a cock, which belonged to Ivan Ш. It is thought that the body of the cock was originally made on an ostrich egg. The crystal and gold goblet was the work of the Nuremberg craftsman A. Jamnitzer. A boyar is believed to have presented it to the “False Dmitry” on the day of his marriage to Marina Mnishek (1606). A small part of the 3,000-piece silver set is displayed here. It was ordered by Catherine II in 1770 for her favourite Grigory Orlov. Room 6 begins the exhibition on the Ground Floor. Thrones, Regalia and Clothing are on display here. Among them are the ivory inlaid Throne of Ivan IV and the Throne presented to Boris Godunov in 1604 by the Shah of Persia. It is covered in gold leaf and decorated with precious stones. The Throne of Tsar Mikhail Fyodurovich, the first Romanov Tsar is the reworking of the Throne that once belonged to Ivan IV. The late 17C Diamond Throne is the most luxurious. It was presented to Tsar Aleksey Mikhaylovich by an Armenian trading company in Persia, its decoration includes over 800 diamonds. Next comes the Throne made for the double coronation in 1682 of the 10-year-old Peter Alekseyevich and his feeble-minded 15-year-old half brother Ivan. A curtain at the back of the Throne concealed a secret compartment from which the young Tsar’s advisers, usually their older sister Sofya, told them what to say. The Russian State Regalia, the famous Crown (Cap) of Monamakh, made in the 13C – 14C from eight triangular gold plates, is decorated with precious stones and trimmed with sable. A second Cap of Monomakh, also on display, was made for Peter before the dual coronation of 1682. Peter Alekseyevich became Peter the Great, and from this time a Western style crown was used in coronations. The Kazan crown of Ivan IV was commissioned in 1552 to celebrate the taking of the Volga town of Kazan. The Crown, Sceptre, and Orb of the first Romanov Tsar, Mikhail, were made in the Kremlin workshops in the 1620s. * * * Clothing. On display are caftans and boots worn by Peter the Great. Examples of the type of robe worn by the nobility of the 17C. There are elaborate snuff-boxes, watches, lorgnettes and fans. The wedding dress of Catherine II (1745) is silver, while her coronation gown is embroidered with gold two-headed eagles. Two coronation gifts are presented to Nicholas II by the Emperor of Japan in 1896. They are a large Eagle with 2,000 ivory feathers, and an embroidered silk screen depicting a seascape. A complete collection of pre-Revolutionary decorations; the most prized was the Order of St. George. ** * Rooms 7 and 8.On display are dress harnesses from China, Germany, England, Poland and Austria. Persian saddles. Outstanding is the velvet saddle decorated with precious stones which the Shah gave to Mikhail Romanov in 1635. The yellow saddle cloth was made from over 400 parrot skins. The Turkish harness was presented to Catherine II by the Sultan in 1775. The set included silver horseshoes with silver nails. ** * Room 9.Carriages. The oldest is the late 16C English carriage presented to Boris Godunov by King James I. Opposite is the Polish coach which belonged to Patriarch Filaret, Father of Tsar Mikhail Romanov. The little Summer and Winter Coaches were made for the child Peter in 1675. They were drawn by small ponies, and dwarfs served as coachmen. Elizabeth’s daughter-in-law, Catherine II, was given the richly gilded open Summer Coach by her favourite, Grigory Orlov. Adorned with an eagle and two dragon-slaving knights, it was made in London in 1779. The most elaborately decorated travelling coach by Catherine II was built in France in 1765. ** * The Diamond Fund Exhibitionis housed in the building of the Armoury Palace. The collection, established in 1992, contains diamonds and jewellery dating from the mid-18C to the present. On display is the 190-carat Orlov Diamond, which was given to Catherine II in 1774 by Count Grigory Orlov. The stone was found in India in the 17C. The 89-carat Shah Diamond, discovered in India in the 16C, has a very sad history: it was presented to Nickolai I by the Shah of Persia as a compensation for the assassination of the Russian diplomat and noted poet Alexander Griboyedov. Two diamonds were added to the collection: one is named after the late Indian Premier Indira Gandi, and the other commemorates the American schoolgirl Samanta Smith.
Упражнение V. Подготовьте перевод текста 3 с листа. Текст 3 
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All the delegates objecting, the resolution was changed.