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Designing Environmentally Friendly Communities
The University of Illinois at Chicago's City Design Center has produced a 96-page electronic publication illustrating ideas for green development in East Garfield Park as a case study for use by Chicago neighborhoods and individuals.
"Green Schemes: Sustainable Urbanism in Garfield Park" presents 80 concepts such as filtration gardens, narrowed roadways, and an elevated bikeway adjacent to the Green Line tracks. Graduate students and faculty in urban planning, architecture and landscape architecture conceived the schemes in five studios taught at UIC's City Design Center.
Their designs for urban agriculture, public ways, building technology, manufacturing, transportation and other planning elements address four scales of development: building, street, neighborhood, and the two-square-mile community.
The designers chose East Garfield Park as a mixed-income neighborhood with many underused properties. They describe the area's current and potential assets, including winding boulevards, Victorian housing, a business district primed for revitalization, industrial buildings, a rapid transit line, the City of Chicago's Center for Green Technology, and Garfield Park -- one of the city's largest parks, featuring a restored botanical conservatory.
A steering committee drawn from UIC, the Chicago Park District and the Chicago departments of environment, housing, planning/development and transportation oversaw the process.
"Green Schemes" shows that planners, architects and landscape architects can make green design feasible by collaborating, said Susanne Schnell, research assistant professor in the City Design Center.
"We generated ideas that we call 'park-centric' by working with landscape architecture faculty from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign," Schnell said. "Some ideas might be demonstrated in pilot projects with city departments, and all are intended to inspire greater dialogue about green design in Chicago neighborhoods."
The studios, taught throughout the 2006-07 academic year, received funding from the Richard H. Driehaus Foundation and Shaw Environmental and Infrastructure Inc.
"Green Schemes" in PDF format will be available as a free download from the website of the Chicago Department of Environment. A limited number of printed copies will be distributed to local officials and planners.
ScienceDaily (Mar. 26, 2008)
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080326195000.htm
II.Ознакомьтесь с таблицами, расположенными ниже:
REVIEW MODEL STRUCTURE AND CLICHÉS
| 1. review introduction
The article placed in journal “…” № … is concerned with the problem(s) (ways, methods) …
The author of the article is the famous scientist …
The article is called (runs under the title, titled, published in) …
| 1. Вводная часть реферата
В статье "...", помещенной в журнале "..." №... за ... год, рассматриваются вопросы (проблемы, пути, методы)
Автор статьи – известный ученый...
Статья называется (носит название..., под названием..., озаглавлена..., под заголовком.., опубликована в...)
| | 2. the article general characteristics
The paper is devoted to (is concerned with) the problem, question …/ The paper deals with ….
The paper (article) under discussion (consideration) is intended (aims) to describe (explain, examine, survey) …
| 2. Тема статьи, ее общая характеристика
Тема статьи -... ( Статья на тему..., Статья посвящена теме (проблеме, вопросу)...)...
Статья представляет собой обобщение (изложение, описание, анализ, обзор).
| | 3. the problem raised in the article
There is a question/problem raised in the article concerning …
The analysis described/showed in the article reveals …
The problem/question is concerned with …
| 3. Проблема статьи
В статье речь идет... (о чем?), (говорится (о чем?), рассматривается (что?),дается оценка (чему?, чего?), анализ (чего?), изложение (чего?).
Сущность проблемы сводится... (к чему?), заключается (в чем?), состоит (в чем?).
| | 4. the article composition
The article is divided into … parts (consists of … parts, begins with …, at the end of the article the author …)
| 4. Композиция статьи
Статья делится на … части (-ей) (состоит из ... частей, начинается (с чего?),заканчивается (чем?)...).
| | 5. the article description
In the introduction … is (are) formulated …, the definition of … is given …
At the beginning of the paper the objective (purposes, tasks) is stated/presented …
Further the general characteristics of the raised problem/chapters/parts, research, paper, article is given …
In the article the author outlines (points out, reviews, analyses) the following problems …
| 5. Описание основного содержания статьи
Во введении формулируется ...(что?) (дается определение ...(чего?) )
В начале статьи определяются (излагаются) цель(цели, задачи)...
Далее дается общая характеристика проблемы (глав, частей), исследования, статьи...
В статье автор ставит(затрагивает, освещает) следующие проблемы,
(останавливается (на чем?) касается (чего?)...)
| | 6. the author’s point of view
The author gives examples/refers to (facts, figures, data) confirming/illustrating his/her statements …
The article suggests, gives …
| 6. Иллюстрация автором своих положений
Автор приводит (ссылается на) пример(ы) (факты, цифры, данные),
подтверждающие, иллюстрирующие его положения...
В статье приводится, дается...
| | 7. the author’s conclusion and summary
The author concludes …
At the end of the article the author sums up ...
The paper summarizes …
In summing up the author confirms …
| 7. Заключение, выводы автора
Автор приходит к выводу(заключению), что... (подводит нас к..., делает
вывод, подводит итог)
В конце статьи подводятся итоги (чего?)
В заключение автор говорит, что, (утверждает, что)...
| | 8. review summary and assessment
In conclusion, one can say/underline/point out that …
The plus/advantage of the article is …
The minus/disadvantage of the article is …
From theoretical/practical point of view it is important/significant to …
There are objections/doubts concerning …
One can’t but agree with …
The questions/problems raised in the article can be of great interest for …
The choice of article/work title is naturally determined …
Firstly/ secondly/ thirdly and finally…
| 8. Выводы и оценки референта
В итоге можно сказать (подчеркнуть, отметить)...
Достоинством работы является...
Недостатком работы является...
С теоретической (практической) точки зрения важно (существенно)...
Вызывают возражения (сомнения)...
Нельзя (не) согласиться с...
Вопросы, рассматриваемые в статье, представляют большой интерес...
Основная тема статьи отвечает задачам...
Выбор темы статьи (исследования) закономерен ...
Во-первых..., во-вторых..., в-третьих..., и, наконец...
| Clichés
| The paper deals with ….
The investigation (the research) is carried out ….
The experiment (analysis) is made ….
The results agree well with the theory ….
The results proved to be interesting (reliable) ….
The new theory (technique) is developed (worked out, proposed, suggested,
advanced) ….
The new method (technique) is discussed (tested, described, shown) ….
The purpose of the research is to prove (test, develop, summarize, find) ….
Special attention is paid (given) to ….
Reference is made to ….
The author gives a review of ….
There are several solutions of the problem ….
There is some interesting information in the paper ….
It is expected (observed) that ….
It is reported (known, demonstrated) that ….
It appears (seems, proves) that ….
It is likely (certain, sure) ….
It is impossible to account for ….
It should be remembered (noted, mentioned) ….
| The idea is expressed in/by …
Figures/ facts speak for themselves.
Figures/ facts/ examples illustrate/ show the real/ present standing of …
On the one hand / on the other hand …
More than that…
Speaking about …
It results in …
To speak in detail …
For example/ for instance/ as for …
No doubt that …
By this I mean …
So / besides / moreover / that is why …
However …
Considering all the facts …
To sum up, …
Summing up, I can say that …
So, to summarise …
I find this article/text interesting /informative/ up-to-date/ out-of-date/ of no use/ because …
In conclusion, I can say that …
| III.Сделайте реферирование статьи на английском в соответствии с таблицей:
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